Skip to main content

Advertisement

SpringerLink
Log in

Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma in six children

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Pediatric Radiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Pulmonary involvement in Kaposi sarcoma is rare in children and can be difficult to distinguish from other pathology.

Objective

To describe the radiological findings in paediatric pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma.

Materials and methods

Sequential chest radiographs of six children and CT scans of four of these children were evaluated retrospectively. Their ages ranged from 18 months to 10 years; four were male and two were female. All six children were HIV-positive. The observers were two radiologists.

Results

Chest radiographs revealed air-space (100%) and reticular (83%) opacification in the mid- and lower lung zones; pleural effusions were present in 83% of the children. All the children showed progressive air-space opacification on follow-up radiography. CT demonstrated bilateral air-space opacification in a perihilar distribution in all the children; reticular opacification was seen in 75%. All the children had mediastinal and axillary lymphadenopathy; 75% had bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy.

Conclusion

In both adults and children, chest radiography demonstrates perihilar and lower zone involvement. Pleural effusions are more common on radiographs in children. Air-space disease and lymphadenopathy are much more common on CT in children than adults.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aboulafia DM (2000) The epidemiologic, pathologic and clinical features of AIDS-associated pulmonary Kaposi’s sarcoma. Chest 117:1128–1145

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Gruden JF, Laurence H, Webb WR et al (1995) AIDS-related Kaposi sarcoma of the lung: radiographic findings and staging system with bronchoscopic correlation. Radiology 195:545–552

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Athale UH, Patil PS, Chintu C et al (1995) Influence of HIV epidemic on the incidence of Kaposi’s sarcoma in Zambian children. J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr Hum Retrovirol 8:96–100

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Marais BJ, Pienaar J, Gie R (2003) Kaposi sarcoma with airway obstruction and bilateral chylothoraces. Pediatr Infect Dis J 22:926–928

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Manji KP, Amir H, Maduhu IZ (2000) Aggressive Kaposi’s sarcoma in a 6-month-old African infant: case report and review of the literature. Trop Med Int Health 5:85–87

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Hymes KD, Green JB, Marcus A et al (1981) Kaposi’s sarcoma in homosexual men: a report of eight cases. Lancet 2:598–608

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Amir H, Kaaya EE, Manji KP et al (2001) Kaposi’s sarcoma before and during a human immunodeficiency virus epidemic in Tanzanian children. Pediatr Infect Dis J 20:518–521

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chintu C, Athale UH, Patil PS (1995) Childhood cancers in Zambia before and after the HIV epidemic. Arch Dis Child 73:100–105

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Chokunonga E, Levy LM, Bassett MT et al (2000) Cancer incidence in the African population of Harare, Zimbabwe: second results from the cancer registry 1993–1995. Int J Cancer 85:54–59

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Biggar RJ, Frisch M, Goedert JJ (2000) Risk of cancer in children with AIDS. AIDS-Cancer Match Registry Study Group. JAMA 284:205–209

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Abuzaitoun OR, Hanson IC (2000) HIV/AIDS in infants, children and adolescents. Pediatr Clin North Am 47:109–125

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Gascon P, Schwartz RA (2000) Kaposi’s sarcoma. New treatment modalities. Dermatol Clin 18:169–175

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Naidich DP, Tarras M, Garay SM et al (1998) Kaposi’s sarcoma: CT-radiographic correlation. Chest 96:723–728

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Markowitz RI, Ruchelli E (1998) Pneumonia in infants and children: radiological-pathological correlation. Semin Roentgenol 2:151–162

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Boiselle PM, Crans CA, Kaplan MA (1999) The changing face of Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia in AIDS patients. AJR 172:1301–1309

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Palmer PE (1979) Pulmonary tuberculosis – usual and unusual radiographic presentations. Semin Roentgenol 14:204–224

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Andronikou S, Joseph E, Lucas S et al (2004) CT scanning for the detection of tuberculous mediastinal and hilar lymphadenopathy in children. Pediatr Radiol 34:232–236

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Sweeny DA, Caserata MT, Korones DN et al (2003) A ten-year-old boy with a pulmonary nodule secondary to Cryptococcus neoformans: case report and review of the literature. Pediatr Infect Dis J 22:1089–1093

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Hoffer FA, Gow K, Flynn PM et al (2001) Accuracy of percutaneous lung biopsy for invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Pediatr Radiol 31:144–152

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Radiology, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa

    Salomine Theron, Savvas Andronikou, Jaco Du Plessis, Reena George, Ayanda Mapukata, Marie Grobbelaar & Murray Hayes

  2. Department of Child Health, Tygerberg Academic Hospital, University of Stellenbosch, Cape Town, South Africa

    Pierre Goussard

  3. Department of Radiology, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Nicky Wieselthaler

  4. Department of Oncology, Red Cross Children’s Hospital, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa

    Alan Davidson

  5. Department of Radiology, Tygerberg Hospital, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X3, Parow 7505, Cape Town, South Africa

    Salomine Theron

Authors
  1. Salomine Theron
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Savvas Andronikou
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Jaco Du Plessis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Pierre Goussard
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Reena George
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Ayanda Mapukata
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Marie Grobbelaar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. Murray Hayes
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. Nicky Wieselthaler
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  10. Alan Davidson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Salomine Theron.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Theron, S., Andronikou, S., Du Plessis, J. et al. Pulmonary Kaposi sarcoma in six children. Pediatr Radiol 37, 1224–1229 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-007-0632-9

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00247-007-0632-9

Keywords

Search

Navigation