Abstract
Catheter stability, an important factor in ablation success, is affected by ventilation. Optimal ventilation strategies for pediatric catheter ablation are not known. We hypothesized that small tidal volume and positive end-expiratory pressure are associated with reduced ablation catheter movement at annular positions. Subjects aged 5–25 years undergoing ablation for supraventricular tachycardia (SVT) or WPW at two centers from March 2015 to September 2016 were prospectively enrolled and randomized to receive mechanical ventilation with either positive end-expiratory pressure of 5 cm H2O (PEEP) or 0 cm H2O (ZEEP). Movement of the ablation catheter tip at standard annular positions was measured using 3D electroanatomic mapping systems under two conditions: small tidal volume (STV) (3–5 mL/kg) or large TV (LTV) (6–8 mL/kg). 58 subjects (mean age 13.8 years) were enrolled for a total of 266 separate observations of catheter movement. STV ventilation was associated with significantly reduced catheter movement, compared to LTV at all positions (right posteroseptal: 2.5 ± 1.4 vs. 5.2 ± 3.1 mm, p < 0.0001; right lateral: 2.7 ± 1.6 vs. 6.3 ± 3.5 mm, p < 0.0001; left lateral: 1.8 ± 1.0 vs. 4.3 ± 1.9 mm, p < 0.0001). The presence or absence of PEEP had no effect on catheter movement. In multivariable analysis, STV was associated with a 3.1-mm reduction in movement (95% CI 2.6–3.5, p < 0.0001), adjusting for end-expiratory pressure, annular location, and patient size. We conclude that STV ventilation is associated with reduced ablation catheter movement compared to a LTV strategy, independent of PEEP and annular position.
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The authors would like to acknowledge Sadiq Khan (Biosense Webster) and Christine Feller (St. Jude Medical) for their technical support during this study.
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All procedures performed in this study were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. This study was approved by the IRBs of both Children’s Hospital at Montefiore/Albert Einstein College of Medicine and Lucile Packard Children’s Hospital/Stanford University School of Medicine.
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Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants in the study. This article does not contain any studies with animals performed by any of the authors.
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Janson, C.M., Ceresnak, S.R., Choi, J.M. et al. A Prospective Assessment of Optimal Mechanical Ventilation Parameters for Pediatric Catheter Ablation. Pediatr Cardiol 40, 126–132 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-018-1968-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00246-018-1968-7