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Organochlorine Pesticides in the Sediment Core of Gwangyang Bay, South Korea

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Abstract

The nine organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in the sediment samples taken from Gwangyang Bay, which is a heavy chemical industrial region in South Korea, are analyzed to evaluate their contaminations during the past 50 years. The vertical distributions of ΣOCPs concentration in the sediment core were in good agreement with the temporal amount of pesticides used in South Korea except for the top sediment layer. The DDTs were predominant, their concentrations ranging from 78.0 to 202 pg/g dry wt and attributed more than 60% to ΣOCPs in all the sediment layers. Based on the ratio of DDT metabolite compositions, the DDT contamination in the top layer might be caused from recent input. This is due to the highest residual concentration of OCPs in the top layer. Although HCB and mirex have been unregistered as pesticides in South Korea, two compounds were detectable in all of the sediment samples in the range from 0.243 to 16.7 pg/g dry wt in the study area. The emission source of HCB in the sediment core could be estimated to be due to incomplete combustion in the industrial chemical processes rather than pesticide application. Regarding horizontal distribution of ΣOCPs, the concentration was slightly higher than for the inner bay than the outer bay. The OCPs in the sediments of Gwangyang Bay were compared with those of other countries by hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by the Japanese Society of the Promotion of Science (JSPS), Tokyo, Japan. The authors also express thanks to their students (Chonnam National University, South Korea) for collecting and preparing sediment core samples with them in South Korea. The authors thank Ms. Emiko Iizumi and Ms. Reiko Nigorikawa (National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences) for experimental assistance. The authors are thankful to James J. Berger (The Quest English Language Institute, Japan) for his kind discussions.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Agro-Environmental Sciences, 3-1-3 Kannondai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan

    Yun-Seok Kim, Heesoo Eun, Toshihiro Sakamoto, Eiki Watanabe & Koji Baba

  2. Division of Ocean System, Chonnam National University, San 96-1, Yeosu, Yeosu, 550-749, South Korea

    Hyeon-Seo Cho

  3. Department of Environmental Engineering, Cheongju University, 36 Naeduk, Sangdang, Chongju, 360-764, South Korea

    Kyoung-Soo Kim

  4. College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866 Kameino, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, 252-8510, Japan

    Takao Katase

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  1. Yun-Seok Kim
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  2. Heesoo Eun
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  3. Hyeon-Seo Cho
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  4. Kyoung-Soo Kim
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Correspondence to Heesoo Eun.

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Kim, YS., Eun, H., Cho, HS. et al. Organochlorine Pesticides in the Sediment Core of Gwangyang Bay, South Korea. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 54, 386–394 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00244-007-9047-8

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