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Neuroradiological and clinical features in ophthalmoplegia

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Abstract

Purpose

Especially in acute onset of ophthalmoplegia, efficient neuroradiological evaluation is necessary to assist differential diagnosis, clinical course, and treatment options.

Methods

Different manifestations of ophthalmoplegia are explained and illustrated by characteristic neuroradiological and clinical findings.

Results

To present those ophthalmoplegic disorders in a clear manner, this review refers to different neuroanatomical structures and compartments. From neuroophthalmological point of view, diseases going ahead with ophthalmoplegia can be divided into (1) efferent infranuclear/peripheral disturbances involving oculomotor cranial nerves, (2) conjugate gaze abnormalities due to internuclear or supranuclear lesions, and (3) diseases of the extraocular eye muscles or their impairment due to intraorbital pathologies.

Conclusion

The knowledge of the relationship between neurological findings in ophthalmoplegia and involved neuroanatomical structures is crucial, and neuroradiology can be focused on circumscribed anatomical regions, using optimized investigation protocols.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Dr. Michael Nichtweiß for generously offering his advice and expertise during the process of this review.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Sankt Katharinen Hospital, Teaching Hospital of the Goethe University, Seckbacher Landstraße 65, 60389, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Stefan Weidauer

  2. Department of Ophthalmology, Neuroophthalmology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Christian Hofmann

  3. Institute of Neuroradiology, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany

    Marlies Wagner & Elke Hattingen

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  1. Stefan Weidauer
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  2. Christian Hofmann
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  3. Marlies Wagner
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  4. Elke Hattingen
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Correspondence to Stefan Weidauer.

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Weidauer, S., Hofmann, C., Wagner, M. et al. Neuroradiological and clinical features in ophthalmoplegia. Neuroradiology 61, 365–387 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00234-019-02183-3

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