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Influence of clay nanoparticles on hindering the undesirable solidification process

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Abstract

Considering equipment damage, energy consumption enhancement and efficiency reduction during undesirable solidification process, this paper experimentally investigated the ability of clay nanoparticles to hinder the solidification procedure. The nanofluids were prepared by dispersing various concentrations of clay nanoparticles (0.01 wt.%, 0.02 wt.% and 0.04 wt.%) in deionized water without any dispersants. The solidification characteristics of nanofluids were determined by using cooling generator system. The experimental results of clay nanofluids showed a reduction in the nucleation temperature and an enhancement of supercooling degree of about 25% during solidification process due to reduction in heat transport properties. According to the comparison results, it was construed that providing supercooling condition, lower density nanoparticles are more able to advance in nucleation phenomenon and also higher thermal conductivity nanoparticles have more tendency to reduce supercooling degree. Therefore, considering desirable and undesirable solidification, the best possible candidate of nanoparticles can be utilized based on their thermophysical properties.

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Abbreviations

ΔH:

Phase change enthalpy, kJ.

ΔE :

Total errors.

K :

Thermal conductivity, W.m−1 K−1.

\( \dot{Q} \) R :

Cooling rate of refrigerator, kW.

S m :

Standard error.

T ph :

Phase change temperature, K.

T n :

Nucleation temperature, K.

t :

Time, S.

X :

Measuring value.

\( \overline{X} \) :

Average measuring value.

ρ :

Density, kg.m−-3.

σ s :

Sample standard deviation.

ϕ :

Volume fraction.

BF :

Basefluid.

NF :

Nanofluid.

P :

Particle.

ESD:

Enhancement of Supercooling Degree

MD:

Mean Deviation

ONT:

Onset Nucleation Time, S

ONTR:

Onset Nucleation Time Ratio

RE:

Random Error

SD:

Supercooling Degree, oC

SDR:

Supercooling Degree Ratio

SE:

Systematic Error

WST:

Whole Solidification Time, S

WSTR :

Whole Solidification Time Ratio

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Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Ferdowsi University of Mashhad.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran

    Hoda Aslani & Mohammad Moghiman

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  1. Hoda Aslani
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Correspondence to Hoda Aslani.

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Aslani, H., Moghiman, M. Influence of clay nanoparticles on hindering the undesirable solidification process. Heat Mass Transfer 56, 789–796 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00231-019-02743-6

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