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The effect of egg versus seston quality on hatching success, naupliar metabolism and survival of Calanus finmarchicus in mesocosms dominated by Phaeocystis and diatoms

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Abstract

We studied the effect of a developing Skeletonema marinoi/Phaeocystis spp. bloom on Calanus finmarchicus hatching success, early naupliar survival and metabolism. Our focus was (1) on the development of reproductive rates during a bloom initiation, peak and decline in relation to the production of potentially toxic algal metabolites and (2) on the proportional importance of female nutrition versus naupliar food environment for the production of viable nauplii. Despite polyunsaturated aldehyde (PUA) production by both S. marinoi and Phaeocystis sp., we did not observe any harmful effects on hatching success or naupliar survival and condition in any stages of the short-term (<1 week) algal bloom. Hatching success appeared to be controlled by egg lipid composition, while the beneficial effect of a high food concentration was reflected in naupliar RNA:DNA ratio, protein content and total production of viable nauplii. The egg lipids reflected seston lipids, indicating that the egg fatty acid composition was not modified by the females. Our results suggest that unselective feeding and/or retention of specific lipids can induce qualitative food limitation, although recruitment during the S. marinoi/Phaeocystis sp. bloom was high.

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Acknowledgments

We thank the European FP6 Project “EUR-OCEANS” for granting funds to the project “Research integration by sharing facilities and cooperative development of new approaches: What does it take to create specific diatom blooms and quantify the effects on pelagic ecosystems in mesocosms?” with lead PI: JC Nejstgaard. A comprehensive mesocosm experiment can only be conducted by a substantial team of scientists, we therefore thank our colleagues R Md Amin, C Augustin, U Båmstedt, A Barofsky, J Bergkvist, A Calbet, Y Carotenuto, B Diekmann, A Gerecht, A Ianora, I Pesmatzoglou, P Simonelli, A Spielmeyer, C Stangenberg, C Troedsson and S-Å Wängberg for various participation in running the mesocosm experiment. We thank D Evensen, University of Bergen, for providing phytoplankton cultures, and 3 anonymous referees for constructive comments to the previous version of the manuscript. GP and CV thank the German Research Foundation (PO 628/5-1), the SNF and the Volkswagen Foundation for funding. JCN was supported by the Norwegian Research Council (NRC) project 152714/120 30. LY was partially supported by a EUR-OCEANS Mobility grant.

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  1. J. C. Nejstgaard

    Present address: Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, 10 Ocean Science Circle, Savannah, GA, 31411, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Aquatic Resources, Technical University of Denmark, Kavalergården 6, 2920, Charlottenlund, Denmark

    M. Koski, J. Dutz & S. H. Jόnasdόttir

  2. Instituto Español de Oceanografía, Centro Oceanográfico de Málaga, Apdo. 285, 29640, Fuengirola, Málaga, Spain

    L. Yebra

  3. Bioorganic Analytics, Friedrich Schiller University, Lessingstr. 8, 07743, Jena, Germany

    C. Vidoudez & G. Pohnert

  4. Harvard University, 16 Divinity Ave, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA

    C. Vidoudez

  5. Department of Bioscience, Aarhus University, Box. 358, Frederiksborgvej 399, 4000, Roskilde, Denmark

    H. H. Jakobsen

  6. Uni Research, Thormøhlensgate 49, 5006, Bergen, Norway

    J. C. Nejstgaard

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  1. M. Koski
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Communicated by U. Sommer.

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Appendix 1

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Appendix 2

See Table 6.

Table 6 Fatty acid and sterol composition and total concentration (μg ind.−1), as well as percentage of PUFA, MUFA and SAFA from the total fatty acids (%) of eggs at the start (days 2–4), middle (days 6–8) and end (days 10–12) of the mesocosm experiments (mean ± SD)
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Koski, M., Yebra, L., Dutz, J. et al. The effect of egg versus seston quality on hatching success, naupliar metabolism and survival of Calanus finmarchicus in mesocosms dominated by Phaeocystis and diatoms. Mar Biol 159, 643–660 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-011-1843-z

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