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Evolutionary relationships of deep-sea mussels inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequences

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Abstract

In order to elucidate the evolutionary process of deep-sea Bathymodiolus mussels, we investigated the phylogenetic relationships of 16 species worldwide by analyzing nucleotide sequences of the mitochondrial COI and ND4 genes. Deep-sea mussels were clustered into three groups by basal trichotomous divergence. The first was composed of four species found in Japanese waters and one species from the Gulf of Mexico, which contain methanotrophic endosymbiotic bacteria. The second included nine species distributed in the West and East Pacific, Indian, and Atlantic Oceans. Members of the second group were trichotomously divided into the Indo-West Pacific, Atlantic, and East Pacific subclusters. The Indo-West Pacific subcluster was composed of three very closely related species with mutual genetic distances at the intraspecific level (av. 0.019 in COI and 0.009 in ND4 relative to av. 0.156 in COI and 0.265 in ND4 among Bathymodiolus species other than Cluster A species), suggesting some gene flow among these species. The third consisted of two West Pacific species. Species in the second and third groups contain mainly thioautotrophic endosymbionts, including some species harboring both methanotrophs and thioautotrophs.

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Acknowledgements

We wish to express our thanks to Drs. Shigeaki Kojima, Takashi Okutani, Chitoshi Mizota, and Motoo Utsumi for their useful advice and support throughout this work. We are also grateful to Drs. Nobuhiro Minaka and Hirohisa Kishino for helpful advice on phylogenetic analyses. Thanks are also extended to the operation teams of the submersibles “Shinkai 2000”, “Shinkai 6500”, “Dolphin 3K”, “Hyper Dolphin” and “Kaiko” and the officers and crew of the support vessels “Natsushima”, “Yokosuka” and “ Kairei” for their help in collecting samples. This study is supported in part by a grant from the Research Institute of Marine Invertebrates and grants from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (nos. 12NP0201 and 80229830).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biological Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8572, Japan

    Hiromi Iwasaki, Akiko Kyuno, Mifue Shintaku & Yuko Fujita

  2. Research Program for Marine Biology and Ecology, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Natsushima, Yokosuka, Kanagawa, 237-0061, Japan

    Yoshihiro Fujiwara & Katsunori Fujikura

  3. Faculty of Fisheries, Nagasaki University, Bunkyo1-14, Nagasaki, 852-8521, Japan

    Jun Hashimoto

  4. Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Tokyo, Yayoi 1-1-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan

    Leonardo de Oliveira Martins

  5. Laboratory of Ocean Benthic Fauna, P. P. Shirshov Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nakhimovsky Pr., 36, Moscow, 117991, Russia

    Andrey Gebruk

  6. Faculty of Education and Human Sciences, University of Yamanashi, Kofu, Yamanashi, 400-8510, Japan

    Jun-Ichi Miyazaki

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  1. Hiromi Iwasaki
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  2. Akiko Kyuno
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  3. Mifue Shintaku
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  4. Yuko Fujita
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  5. Yoshihiro Fujiwara
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  6. Katsunori Fujikura
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  7. Jun Hashimoto
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  8. Leonardo de Oliveira Martins
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  10. Jun-Ichi Miyazaki
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Correspondence to Jun-Ichi Miyazaki.

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Communicated by S. Nishida, Tokyo

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Iwasaki, H., Kyuno, A., Shintaku, M. et al. Evolutionary relationships of deep-sea mussels inferred by mitochondrial DNA sequences. Mar Biol 149, 1111–1122 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0268-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-006-0268-6

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