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Adhesive properties of laminated veneer lumber poles for use in temporary soil nailing: bonding performance of curved structures in a high-alkaline environment

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Abstract

Circular hollow sections of beech-laminated veneer lumber (LVL) for the use as temporary geotechnical soil nailing systems are currently being developed. Due to their permanent subsoil cement embedment, investigations of the bond line quality of the timber sections are essential. This paper presents the bonding properties of flat and curved beech LVL after cyclic conditioning in a water–cement grout solution aimed at inducing short- and long-term alkaline attack of the timber. In total, 409 and 69 samples were tested in tensile shear tests after short-term and long-term conditioning, respectively. Three different adhesive systems, a one-component polyurethane adhesive, a melamine–urea–formaldehyde adhesive and a melamine–urea–formaldehyde adhesive modified by means of (polyvinyl)-acetate adhesive were investigated and compared. Short-term conditioning by submersion in boiling cement suspension was found to be a reliable method for testing the bonding performance rather than long-term conditioning. In the case of tensile shear tests of samples subjected to long-term treatment, wood material strength was the decisive criterion. Generally, tensile shear test samples of all investigated adhesives achieved reliable bonding for a pressing force up to 1.0 MPa. No relationship was recognised between the determined bonding failure and the wood properties tensile shear strength, wood failure percentage, fracture pattern and bulk density of veneers adjacent to the bond line. For the determination of the bond line integrity of curved veneer poles, it was necessary to test bonding quality in a combined test using curved and flat samples and to compare tensile shear strength with data determined on reference samples in the same veneer population without bond line.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Mr. Alexander Englberger for his great efforts carrying out the tests and Dr. Christian Lehringer (Purbond AG) for providing adhesive and knowledge. The research was supported by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research, Grant Number 13FH022IX4.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department Research and Development, University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany

    Sebastian Hirschmüller

  2. Faculty of Wood Technology, University of Applied Sciences Rosenheim, Rosenheim, Germany

    Johann Pravida

  3. Institute of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria

    Roman Marte

  4. Institute of Structural Engineering and Material Sciences, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria

    Michael Flach

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  1. Sebastian Hirschmüller
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  2. Johann Pravida
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  4. Michael Flach
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Correspondence to Sebastian Hirschmüller.

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Hirschmüller, S., Pravida, J., Marte, R. et al. Adhesive properties of laminated veneer lumber poles for use in temporary soil nailing: bonding performance of curved structures in a high-alkaline environment. Wood Sci Technol 52, 1289–1311 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00226-018-1031-0

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