Abstract
We demonstrate that the defocusing mechanism fails to work if not all focusing components of the boundary are absolutely focusing. More precisely, we construct billiard tables with arbitrary long free path away from a non-absolutely focusing component such that a nonlinearly stable periodic orbit exists. Therefore the only known standard procedure of constructing chaotic ergodic billiards works in general only if all focusing boundary components are absolutely focusing.
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Bunimovich, L.A., Grigo, A. Focusing Components in Typical Chaotic Billiards Should be Absolutely Focusing. Commun. Math. Phys. 293, 127–143 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-009-0927-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00220-009-0927-9