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Mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics – a critical review from the technical point of view

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Abstract

Over the past decade, mass spectrometry (MS)-based “shotgun lipidomics” has emerged as a powerful tool for quantitative and qualitative analysis of the complex lipids in the biological system. The aim of this critical review is to give the interested reader a concise overview of the current state of the technology, focused on lipidomic analysis by mass spectrometry. The pros and cons, and pitfalls associated with each available “shotgun lipidomics” method are discussed; and the new strategies for improving the current methods are described. A list of important papers and reviews that are sufficient rather than comprehensive, covering all the aspects of lipidomics including the workflow, methodology, and fundamentals is also compiled for readers to follow.

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Abbreviations

Cer:

Ceramide

Cer[AdS]:

α-hydroxy fatty acyl containing dihydrosphingosine ceramide

Cer[AS]:

α-hydroxy fatty acyl containing ceramide

Cer[OH]:

ω-hydroxy fatty acyl containing ceramide

CID:

Collision induced dissociation

CL:

Cardiolipin

DAG:

Diacylglycerol

DGDG:

Diglycosyldiacylglycerol

ESI:

Electrospray ionization

FAB:

Fast atom bombardment

FFA:

Free fatty acid

FT ICR:

Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance

GalCer:

Galactosylceramide

GlcCer:

Glucosylceramide

HR:

High resolution

IM:

Ion mobility

LC:

Liquid chromatography

MALDI:

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionization

MS:

Mass spectrometry

NLS:

Neutral loss scan

PA:

Phosphatidic acid

PC:

Phosphatidylcholine

PE:

Phosphatidylethanolamine

PG:

Phosphatidylglycerol

PI:

Phosphatidylinositol

PIS:

Precursor ion scan

pPS:

Plasmalogen phosphatidylserine

PS:

Phosphatidylserine

SFC:

Supercritical fluid chromatography

SM:

Sphingomyelin

Sulf:

Sulfatide

TAG:

Triacylglycerol

TLC:

Thin layer chromatography

TOF:

Time-of-flight

TSQ:

Triple stage quadrupole

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by US Public Health Service Grants P41-GM103422, P60-DK-20579, P30-DK56341, 4R33HL120760-03 and R01AI130454. The author acknowledges Dr. Cheryl Frankfater and the reviewers for proofreading of the manuscript.

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  1. Mass Spectrometry Resource, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, and Lipid Research, Department of Internal Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid, St. Louis, MO, 63110, USA

    Fong-Fu Hsu

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Hsu, FF. Mass spectrometry-based shotgun lipidomics – a critical review from the technical point of view. Anal Bioanal Chem 410, 6387–6409 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00216-018-1252-y

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