Abstract
Let f be an entire function and denote by \(f^\#\) the spherical derivative of f and by \(f^n\) the n-th iterate of f. For an open set U intersecting the Julia set J(f), we consider how fast \(\sup _{z\in U} (f^n)^\#(z)\) and \(\int _U (f^n)^\#(z)^2 dx\,dy\) tend to \(\infty \). We also study the growth rate of the sequence \((f^n)^\#(z)\) for \(z\in J(f)\).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aspenberg, M., Bergweiler, W.: Entire functions with Julia sets of positive measure. Math. Ann. 352, 27–54 (2012)
Baker, I.N.: Repulsive fixpoints of entire functions. Math. Z. 104, 252–256 (1968)
Barrett, M., Eremenko, A.: On the spherical derivative of a rational function. Anal. Math. Phys. 4, 73–81 (2014)
Bergweiler, W.: Iteration of meromorphic functions. Bull. Am. Math. Soc. (N.S.) 29, 151–188 (1993)
Bergweiler, W.: A new proof of the Ahlfors five islands theorem. J. Anal. Math. 76, 337–347 (1998)
Bergweiler, W.: Quasinormal families and periodic points. In: Complex Analysis and Dynamical Systems II. Contemp. Math., vol. 382. Amer. Math. Soc., Providence, pp. 55–63 (2005)
Bergweiler, W., Eremenko, A.: On the singularities of the inverse to a meromorphic function of finite order. Rev. Mat. Iberoam. 11, 355–373 (1995)
Bergweiler, W., Eremenko, A.: On a property of the derivative of an entire function. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Math. 37, 301–307 (2012)
Bergweiler, W., Hinkkanen, A.: On semiconjugation of entire functions. Math. Proc. Camb. Philos. Soc. 126, 565–574 (1999)
Bergweiler, W., Karpińska, B., Stallard, G.M.: The growth rate of an entire function and the Hausdorff dimension of its Julia set. J. Lond. Math. Soc. (2) 80, 680–698 (2009)
Bergweiler, W., Rippon, P.J., Stallard, G.M.: Multiply connected wandering domains of entire functions. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 107, 1261–1301 (2013)
Berteloot, F.: Lyapunov exponent of a rational map and multipliers of repelling cycles. Riv. Math. Univ. Parma (N.S.) 1, 263–269 (2010)
Clunie, J., Hayman, W.K.: On the spherical derivative of integral and meromorphic functions. Comment. Math. Helv. 40, 117–148 (1966)
Dobbs, N.: Perturbing Misiurewicz parameters in the exponential family. Commun. Math. Phys. 335, 571–608 (2015)
Eremenko, A.E.: On the iteration of entire functions. In: Dynamical Systems and Ergodic Theory. Banach Center Publications, vol. 23. Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw, pp. 339–345 (1989)
Eremenko, A.E., Levin, G.M.: Periodic points of polynomials. Ukr. Math. J. 41(1989), 1258–1262 (1990) [translation of Ukrain. Mat. Zh. 41, 1467–1471 (1989)]
Eremenko, A.E., Lyubich, M.Y.: Dynamical properties of some classes of entire functions. Ann. Inst. Fourier (Grenoble) 42, 989–1020 (1992)
Gelfert, K., Przytycki, F., Rams, M.: On the Lyapunov spectrum for rational maps. Math. Ann. 348, 965–1004 (2010)
Gelfert, K., Przytycki, F., Rams, M., Rivera-Letelier, J.: Lyapunov spectrum for exceptional rational maps. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Math. 38, 631–656 (2013)
Goldberg, A.A., Ostrovskii, I.V.: Value distribution of meromorphic functions. Amer. Math. Soc, Providence (2008)
Hayman, W.K.: Meromorphic Functions. Clarendon Press, Oxford (1964)
Langley, J.K.: On the multiple points of certain meromorphic functions. Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 123, 355–373 (1995)
Levin, G., Przytycki, F., Shen, W.: The Lyapunov exponent of holomorphic maps. Invent. Math. 205, 363–382 (2016)
Pommerenke, Ch.: Estimates for normal meromorphic functions. Ann. Acad. Sci. Fenn. Ser. A I 476, 10 (1970)
Przytycki, F.: Letter to Alexandre Eremenko. http://www.impan.pl/~feliksp/unpublished.html (1994)
Rippon, P.J., Stallard, G.M.: Functions of small growth with no unbounded wandering domains. J. Anal. Math. 108, 61–86 (2009)
Rippon, P.J., Stallard, G.M.: Slow escaping points of meromorphic functions. Trans. Am. Math. Soc. 362, 4171–4201 (2011)
Rippon, P.J., Stallard, G.M.: Fast escaping points of entire functions. Proc. Lond. Math. Soc. (3) 105, 787–820 (2012)
Schleicher, D.: Dynamics of entire functions. In: Holomorphic dynamical systems. Lecture Notes Math., vol. 1998. Springer, Berlin, pp. 295–339 (2010)
Yao, X., Sun, D., Xuan, Z.: A new geometric characterization of the Julia set (preprint). arXiv: 1512.05144
Zdunik, A.: Characteristic exponents of rational functions. Bull. Polish Acad. Sci. Math. 62, 257–263 (2014)
Acknowledgements
We thank Alexandre Eremenko, Dan Liu, Lasse Rempe-Gillen, Phil Rippon, Weixiao Shen and the referee for helpful comments.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
X. Yao and J. Zheng were supported by the Grant (No. 11571193) of NSF of China.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bergweiler, W., Yao, X. & Zheng, J. Lyapunov exponents and related concepts for entire functions. Math. Z. 288, 855–873 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-017-1916-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00209-017-1916-x