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Heat equation and ergodic theorems for Riemann surface laminations

Equation de la chaleur et théorèmes ergodiques pour les laminations par surfaces de Riemann

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Abstract

We study the dynamics of possibly singular foliations by Riemann surfaces. The main examples are holomorphic foliations by Riemann surfaces in projective varieties. We introduce the heat equation relative to a positive \({\partial\overline\partial}\) -closed current and apply it to the directed currents associated with Riemann surface laminations possibly with singularities. This permits to construct the heat diffusion with respect to various Laplacians that could be defined almost everywhere with respect to the \({\partial\overline\partial}\) -closed current. We prove two kinds of ergodic theorems for such currents: one associated to the heat diffusion and one of geometric nature close to Birkhoff’s averaging on orbits of a dynamical system. Here the averaging is on hyperbolic leaves and the time is the hyperbolic time. The heat diffusion theorem with respect to a harmonic measure is also developed for real laminations.

Résumé

On étudie la dynamique des feuilletages, éventuellement singuliers, par surfaces de Riemann. Les exemples principaux sont les feuilletages dans des variétés projectives. Nous introduisons l’équation de la chaleur relative à un courant positif \({\partial\overline\partial}\) fermé et nous appliquons cette approche aux courants associés à un feuilletage (ou à une lamination) par surfaces de Riemann. Nous démontrons deux types de théorèmes ergodiques. Le premier concerne la diffusion de la chaleur relativement aux courants dirigés par un feuilletage. Le second est analogue au théorème ergodique de Birkhoff. On moyenne sur les feuilles revêtues par le disque de Poincaré, le temps étant le temps hyperbolique. La convergence a lieu pour presque tout point de base (relativement au courant). Nous développons également la théorie de la diffusion de la chaleur dans le cas des feuilletages réels, sans hypothèse de géométrie bornée, mais relativement à une mesure harmonique donnée.

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Dinh, TC., Nguyên, VA. & Sibony, N. Heat equation and ergodic theorems for Riemann surface laminations. Math. Ann. 354, 331–376 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-011-0730-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00208-011-0730-8

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