Skip to main content
Log in

Effects of competition in first-price auctions

  • Research Article
  • Published:
Economic Theory Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper analyzes the effects of industrial concentration on bidding behavior and expected revenues. These effects are studied under the CIAPI model, an affiliated value set-up that nests a variety of valuation and information environments. We formally decompose the revenue effects coming from less competition into five types. The properties of these effects are discussed and conditions for (non)monotonicity of both the equilibrium bid and revenue are stated. Our results suggest that it is more likely that the seller benefits from less competition in markets with more complete valuation and information structures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Alvarez, F., Mazón, C., André, F.J.: Assigning pollution permits: are uniform auctions efficient? Econ. Theory 67, 211–248 (2019)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Athias, L., Nunez, A.: The More the Merrier? Number of Bidders, Information Dispersion, Renegotiation and Winner’s Curse in Toll Road Concessions. Working Paper, IDHEAP/SPAN, University of Lausanne and LET, University of Lyon (2009)

  • Bajari, P., Ye, L.: Deciding between competition and collusion. Rev. Econ. Stat. 85, 971–989 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baldwin, L.H., Marshall, R.C., Richard, J.F.: Bidder collusion at forest service timber sales. J. Polit. Econ. 105, 657–699 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bulow, J., Klemperer, P.: Prices and the winner’s curse. Rand J. Econ. 33, 1–21 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dalkir, S., Logan, J.W., Masson, R.T.: Mergers in symmetric and asymmetric noncooperative auction markets: the effects on prices and efficiency. Int. J. Ind. Organ. 18, 383–413 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • DeBrock, L., Smith, J.: Joint bidding, information pooling, and the performance of petroleum lease auctions. Bell J. Econ. 14, 395–404 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delnoij, J., De Jaegher, K.: Competing first-price and second-price auctions. Econ. Theory 71, 235–250 (2020)

    Google Scholar 

  • De Castro, L.: Affiliation, Equilibrium Existence and Revenue Ranking of Auctions. Working Paper, Northwestern University (2010)

  • Hendricks, K., Pinkse, J., Porter, R.H.: Empirical implications of equilibrium bidding in first price common value auctions. Rev. Econ. Stud. 70, 115–145 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hendricks, K., Porter, R.H., Tan, G.: Bidding rings and the winner’s curse. RAND J. Econ. 39, 1018–1041 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hong, H., Shum, M.: Increasing competition and the winner’s curse: evidence from procurement. Rev. Econ. Stud. 69, 871–898 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Klemperer, P.: Bidding Markets. Occasional Paper, 1, UK Competition Commission (Also reprinted in Journal of Competition Law and Economics , 2007, and reprinted in Handbook of Competition Policy, P. Buccirossi (ed.), 2008) (2005)

  • Krishna, V., Morgan, J.: (Anti-) Competitive Effects of Joint Bidding and Bidder Restrictions. Working Paper, Penn State University and Princeton University (1997)

  • Levine, D., Smith, J.L.: Optimal reservation prices in auctions. Econ. J. 106, 1271–1283 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Li, T., Perrigne, I., Vuong, Q.: Conditionally independent private information in OCS wildcat auctions. J. Econom. 98, 129–161 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mailath, G., Zemsky, P.: Collusion in second price auctions with heterogeneous bidders. Games Econ. Behav. 83, 467–486 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mares, V., Shor, M.: Industry concentration in common value auctions: theory and evidence. Econ. Theory 35, 37–56 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, R.C., Meurer, M., Richard, J.-F., Stromquist, W.: Numerical analysis of asymmetric first price auction. Games Econ. Behav. 7, 193–220 (1994)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McAfee, R.P., McMillan, J.: Bidding rings. Am. Econ. Rev. 82, 579–599 (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  • Menicucci, D.: Competition may reduce the revenue in a first price auction with affiliated private values. B.E. J. Theor. Econ. 9, 1–19 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milgrom, P.: Good news and bad news: representation theorems and applications. Bell J. Econ. 12, 380–391 (1981)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Milgrom, P., Weber, R.: A theory of auctions and competitive bidding. Econometrica 50, 1089–1122 (1982)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Norman, T.W.L.: Evolutionary stability in the generalized second-price auction. Econ. Theory 71, 235–250 (2021)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paarsch, H.J., Hong, H.: An Introduction to the Structural Econometrics of Auction Data. The MIT Press, Cambridge (2006)

    Google Scholar 

  • Pesendorfer, M.: A study of collusion in first-price auctions. Rev. Econ. Stud. 67, 381–411 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Pinkse, J., Tan, G.: The Affiliation Effect in First-Price Auctions: Supplementary Material. Econometrica Supplementary Material (2004). http://www.econometricsociety.org/ecta/supmat/3142extension.pdf

  • Pinkse, J., Tan, G.: The affiliation effect in first-price auctions. Econometrica 73, 263–277 (2005)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Porter, R.H., Zona, J.D.: Ohio school milk markets: an analysis of bidding. RAND J. Econ. 30, 263–288 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robinson, M.S.: Collusion and the choice of auction. RAND J. Econ. 16, 141–145 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tschantz, S., Crooke, P., Froeb, L.: Mergers in sealed vs oral auctions. Int. J. Econ. Bus. 7, 201–213 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Topkis, D.M.: Minimizing a submodular function on a lattice. Math. Oper. Res. 26, 8–37 (1978)

    Google Scholar 

  • Troncoso-Valverde, C.: Releasing information in private-value second-price auctions. Econ. Theory 65, 781–817 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waehrer, K.M.: Asymmetric private values auctions with application to joint bidding and mergers. Int. J. Ind. Organ. 17, 437–452 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Waehrer, K.M., Perry, K.: The effects of mergers in open-auction markets. RAND J. Econ. 34, 287–304 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, R.: Strategic analysis of auctions. In: Aumann, R., Hart, S. (eds.) Handbook of Game Theory with Economic Application, vol. 1. North Holland Press, New York (1992)

    Google Scholar 

  • Xu, Y., Ligett, K.: Commitment in first-price auctions. Econ. Theory 66, 449–489 (2018)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This article is based on Chapter 3 of my Ph.D. dissertation at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid. I am deeply grateful to María Angeles de Frutos for her insightful comments, encouragement and guidance. This work is dedicated to her memory. I would like to thank two anonymous reviewers, an anonymous associate editor and Nicholas Yannelis (Editor-in-Chief) for their comments, which improved this article significantly. This work has also benefited from comments by Antonio Cabrales, Luciano de Castro, Ángel Hernando, Juan-José Ganuza, Diego Moreno, Vijay Krishna, and the participants in the 23\(^{th}\) European Economic Association (EEA) Meeting (University of Bocconi, Milan, 2008), the 32\(^{th}\) Spanish Economic Association Meeting (SAE) (University of Granada, 2007), and the 2011 LAMES/LACEA annual meeting (Universidad Adolfo Ibañez, Santiago de Chile, 2011). The usual disclaimers apply. I also thank Javier Arce for his excellent assistance in formatting the document and drawing the figures.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gino Loyola.

Additional information

Publisher's Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Loyola, G. Effects of competition in first-price auctions. Econ Theory 71, 1527–1567 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-021-01347-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00199-021-01347-8

Keywords

JEL Classification

Navigation