Skip to main content
Log in

3D interactive topology optimization on hand-held devices

  • EDUCATIONAL ARTICLE
  • Published:
Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This educational paper describes the implementation aspects, user interface design considerations and workflow potential of the recently published TopOpt 3D App. The app solves the standard minimum compliance problem in 3D and allows the user to change design settings interactively at any point in time during the optimization. Apart from its educational nature, the app may point towards future ways of performing industrial design. Instead of the usual geometrize, then model and optimize approach, the geometry now automatically adapts to the varying boundary and loading conditions. The app is freely available for iOS at Apple’s App Store and at http://www.topopt.dtu.dk/TopOpt3D for Windows and OSX.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8

Notes

  1. We define interactive update rates to be less than 10 seconds, which is about the limit for keeping the user’s attention (Nielsen 1993).

  2. The best experience will be achieved using newer devices such as iPhone 5s and iPad Air.

  3. On iOS and OSX we use the optimized BLAS and LAPACK bundled in the operating system and on Windows we use AMD’s core math library (AMD core math library 2014).

References

  • AMD core math library (2014). http://developer.amd.com/tools-and-sdks/cpu-development/cpu-libraries/amd-core-math-library-acml/

  • BLAS Basic Linear Algebra Subprograms (2014). http://www.netlib.org/blas/

  • LAPACK - Linear Algebra PACKage (2014). http://www.netlib.org/lapack/

  • Aage N, Andreassen E, Lazarov B (2014) Topology optimization using PETSc: An easy-to-use, fully parallel, open source topology optimization framework. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization, pp 1–8. doi:10.1007/s00158-014-1157-0

  • Aage N, Nobel-Jørgensen M, Andreasen C, Sigmund O (2013) Interactive topology optimization on hand-held devices. Struct Multidiscip Optim 47(1):1–6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amir O, Aage N, Lazarov B (2014) On multigrid-CG for efficient topology optimization. Struct Multidiscip Optim 49(5):815–829. doi:10.1007/s00158-013-1015-5

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Bendsøe M, Kikuchi N (1988) Generating optimal topologies in structural design using a homogenization method. Comput Methods Appl Mech Eng 71:197–224

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bendsøe M, Sigmund O (2003) Topology Optimization: Theory, Methods and Applications. Engineering online library. Springer

  • Bowman DA, Kruijff E, LaViola JJ Jr, Poupyrev I (2004) 3D User Interfaces: Theory and Practice. Addison-Wesley Professional

  • Davis T, Duff I, Amestoy P, Gilbert J, Larimore S, Natarajan EP, Chen Y, Hager W, Rajamanickam S (2014) Suite sparse: a suite of sparse matrix packages. http://www.cise.ufl.edu/research/sparse/SuiteSparse/

  • Dyn N, Hormann K, Kim SJ, Levin D (2001) Optimizing 3d triangulations using discrete curvature analysis.Mathematical methods for curves and surfaces, pp 135–146

  • Khan A, Mordatch I, Fitzmaurice G, Matejka J, Kurtenbach G (2008) ViewCube: a 3d orientation indicator and controller. In: Proceedings of the 2008 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics and games. ACM, pp 17–25

  • Lorensen WE, Cline HE (1987) Marching cubes: A high resolution 3d surface construction algorithm. In: ACM Siggraph Computer Graphics, vol 21. ACM , pp 163–169

  • Miller RB (1968) Response time in man-computer conversational transactions. In: Proceedings of the December 9-11, 1968, fall joint computer conference, part I. ACM, pp 267–277

  • Nguyen TH, Paulino GH, Song J, Le CH (2010) A computational paradigm for multiresolution topology optimization (mtop). Struct Multidisc Optim 41:525–539. doi:10.1007/s00158-009-0443-8

    Article  MATH  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Nielsen J (1993) Usability Engineering. Academic Press Inc

  • Nielsen J (1994) Usability engineering. Elsevier

  • Rooney B (2011) The wall street journal: ipad 2 more powerful than 1990s supercomputer. http://blogs.wsj.com/tech-europe/2011/05/11/ipad-2-more-powerful-than-1990s-supercomputer/. Accessed: 2014-06-30

  • Sigmund O (2001) A 99 line topology optimization code written in Matlab. Structural and Multidisciplinary Optimization (1999), pp 120–127

  • Sigmund O, Maute K (2013) Topology optimization approaches. Struct Multidiscip Optim 48(6):1031–1055

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  • Tcherniak D, Sigmund O (2001) A web-based topology optimization program. Struct Multidiscip Optim 22(3):179–187

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tognazzini B (2014) First principles of interaction design (revised & expanded). http://asktog.com/atc/principles-of-interaction-design/. Accessed Oct 5 2014

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the support from the Villum foundation through the NextTop project. The authors would also like to extend their gratitude to the members of the DTU-TopOpt group for their invaluable input on the design and testing of the TopOpt 3D App.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Morten Nobel-Jørgensen.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Nobel-Jørgensen, M., Aage, N., Nyman Christiansen, A. et al. 3D interactive topology optimization on hand-held devices. Struct Multidisc Optim 51, 1385–1391 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-014-1214-8

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00158-014-1214-8

Keywords

Navigation