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Diagnostische Herausforderungen bei Knorpeltumoren

Morphologisches Spektrum und molekulare Marker

Challenges in the diagnosis of cartilage tumors

Morphological spectrum and molecular markers

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Zusammenfassung

Das morphologische und klinisch-biologische Spektrum kartilaginärer Tumoren ist breit. Mit Blick auf die Bandbreite der therapeutischen Pfade kommt der korrekten Entitätszuordnung am Gewebe der Biopsie eine wesentliche Rolle zu. Diese Übersicht möchte unter Berücksichtigung häufigerer und seltenerer Knorpeltumoren die Schwierigkeiten und Grenzen der (alleinigen) morphologischen Einordnung der verschiedenen Erkrankungen aufzeigen und dabei den Stellenwert eines engen interdisziplinären Dialogs zwischen Operateuren, Radiologen und Pathologen herausarbeiten. Daneben soll auch die Bedeutung einzelner molekularer Marker, die in den vergangenen Jahren in die pathologische Routinediagnostik eingeführt wurden, besprochen werden.

Abstract

The morphological and clinico-biological spectrum of chondrogenic tumours is wide. Given the diversity of therapeutic approaches, the correctness of the histological diagnosis is of major importance. The aim of this review is to provide insights into the challenges and limitations of diagnostic approaches restricted to morphology and to underscore the importance of an interdisciplinary dialogue between surgeons, radiologists and pathologists. Beyond this, the value of molecular analyses introduced in bone tumor diagnostics in recent years is discussed.

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Abbreviations

CD:

„Cluster of differentiation“

CT :

Computertomographie

EWSR1 :

„Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1“

EXT :

Exostosin

FISH :

Fluoreszenz-in-situ-Hybridisierung

GRM1 :

Metabotroper Glutamatrezeptor 1

HEY1 :

„Hairy/enhancer-of-split related with YRPW motif protein 1“

IDH :

Isocitratdehydrogenase

MDM2 :

„Murine double minute oncogene“

NCOA2 :

„Nuclear receptor coactivator 2“

WHO :

World Health Organization

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sektion für Translationale Pathologie, Gerhard-Domagk-Institut für Pathologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, D17, 48149, Münster, Deutschland

    Wolfgang Hartmann

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  1. Wolfgang Hartmann
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Correspondence to Wolfgang Hartmann.

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W. Hartmann gibt an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Für diesen Beitrag wurden vom Autor keine Studien an Menschen oder Tieren durchgeführt. Für die aufgeführten Studien gelten die jeweils dort angegebenen ethischen Richtlinien.

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Hartmann, W. Diagnostische Herausforderungen bei Knorpeltumoren. Orthopäde 48, 735–743 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00132-019-03787-6

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