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Sludge Amendment Affect the Persistence, Carbon Mineralization and Enzyme Activity of Atrazine and Bifenthrin

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Abstract

Atrazine and bifenthrin persistence study was carried out in three sludge amended soil under laboratory condition. Atrazine persisted shorter in sludge amended soil sludge-3 (half-life 23.4 days) followed by sludge-2 (half-life 30.1 days) and sludge-1 (half-life 37.1 days) than unamended control (half-life 150.5 days). Bifenthrin followed the similar pattern with sludge-3 (half-life 43.1 days) which increased to 50.3, 60.2 and 75.2 days, respectively in sludge-2, sludge-1 and unamended control representing an immense influence of sludges on degradation. Duncan’s Multiple Range Test revealed that carbon mineralization process was significantly influenced by all the sludges (p < 0.0001). Sludge-3 indicated highest Cmin (initial 118.16 to final 133.64 mg CO2–C/kg) in bifenthrin and 129.91 mg CO2–C/kg in atrazine. The relatively high Cmin rate in sludge amended soil than unamended control suggested a lower persistency of both the pesticides and thus decreasing its potential ecological risk. Sludge-3 sludge amended soil increased the dehydrogenase enzyme activity as compared to sludge-1 and sludge-2 sludge in atrazine.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Agricultural Chemicals, IARI, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Irani Mukherjee & Aman Kumar

  2. ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Sikkim Centre, Tadong, Gangtok, 737102, India

    Shaon Kumar Das

  3. Division of Microbiology, IARI, New Delhi, 110012, India

    Livleen Shukla

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  1. Irani Mukherjee
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  2. Shaon Kumar Das
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  3. Aman Kumar
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  4. Livleen Shukla
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Correspondence to Irani Mukherjee.

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Mukherjee, I., Das, S.K., Kumar, A. et al. Sludge Amendment Affect the Persistence, Carbon Mineralization and Enzyme Activity of Atrazine and Bifenthrin. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 105, 291–298 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02917-7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-020-02917-7

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