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Optimization of Sample Pretreatment based on Graphene Oxide Dispersed Acid Silica Gel for Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Vegetables near an E-waste Recycling Plant

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Abstract

Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) derived from e-waste dismantling, tend to easily bioaccumulate in vegetables. In this study, an optimized sample pretreatment method based on graphene oxide (GO) dispersed acid silica gel was used to determine PBDEs levels in vegetables. The recovery efficiency of the optimized method ranged between 90.3%–107.5% with the detection limit (LOD) being within 0.17–1.8 ng g−1. Vegetable samples were grown nearby an e-waste recycling plant in Nanjing, China, and analyzed using the optimized method. The concentrations of ΣPBDEs in the samples ranged from 12.1 to 20.1 ng g−1. This study developed an optimized sample pretreatment method to determine PBDEs in vegetables nearby e-waste contaminated sites and provides insights on the potential risks derived from e-waste dismantling to the surrounding environment.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China (2016YFD0800204), the Outstanding Youth Fund of Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu, China (BK20150050), the Innovative Project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISSASIP1616), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21677149) and Key Program of Frontier Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences (QYZDJ-SSW-DQC035).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Soil Environment and Pollution Remediation, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China

    Leilei Xiang, Hongjie Sheng, Yongrong Bian, Jia Kang, Xinglun Yang, Fidèle Suanon & Fang Wang

  2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Leilei Xiang, Hongjie Sheng & Fang Wang

  3. Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China

    Jia Kang

  4. Department of Plant, Soil and Microbial Sciences, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA

    Anna Herzberger

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  1. Leilei Xiang
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  2. Hongjie Sheng
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  3. Yongrong Bian
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  4. Jia Kang
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  5. Xinglun Yang
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  6. Anna Herzberger
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  7. Fidèle Suanon
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  8. Fang Wang
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Correspondence to Fang Wang.

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Xiang, L., Sheng, H., Bian, Y. et al. Optimization of Sample Pretreatment based on Graphene Oxide Dispersed Acid Silica Gel for Determination of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers in Vegetables near an E-waste Recycling Plant. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 103, 23–27 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-019-02547-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00128-019-02547-8

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