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Epidemiologie des Peniskarzinoms

Epidemiology of penile cancer

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Das Peniskarzinom stellt in der klinischen Praxis eine Seltenheit dar.

Fragestellung

Es werden globale Unterschiede in der Inzidenz des Peniskarzinoms, gesellschaftliche Einflussfaktoren sowie Risikofaktoren beschrieben.

Material und Methoden

In diesem Beitrag erfolgt eine Auswertung der epidemiologischen Literatur, die Diskussion der einzelnen Risikofaktoren sowie die Erörterung präventiver Maßnahmen.

Ergebnisse

Es besteht ein deutlicher Unterschied in der Inzidenz des Peniskarzinoms im Vergleich industrialisierter Länder mit sog. Schwellen- und Entwicklungsländern. Ein Zusammenhang zwischen einer Phimose sowie erfolgter Zirkumzision in Bezug auf die Entstehung des Peniskarzinoms konnte mehrfach nachgewiesen werden. Zudem besteht eine Assoziation mit chronisch inflammatorischen Erkrankungen als auch einer HPV-Infektion (humane Papillomaviren).

Schlussfolgerungen

Präventive Maßnahmen sind vor dem Hintergrund der Seltenheit der Erkrankung gerade in Bezug auf die Durchführung einer Zirkumzision kritisch zu betrachten. Die regelmäßige klinische Untersuchung des Genitals ist sinnvoller Bestandteil einer Früherkennungsmaßnahme.

Abstract

Background

Penile cancer represents a rarity in daily clinical practice.

Objectives

The aim is to identify global differences concerning the incidence, social and risk factors.

Methods

The past and current epidemiologic literature is analyzed concerning incidence rates and risk factors. The latter are discussed concerning their potential with regard to disease prevention.

Results

Globally, incidence rates of penile cancer range from low to nonexistent. Distinct differences are found when comparing industrialized countries with emerging and developing countries. Phimosis seems to be a crucial risk factor in the formation of penile cancer. Additionally, chronic inflammatory diseases of the penis were found to be associated with a higher risk.

Conclusions

Preventive measures should be considered in relation to the rarity of the disease, especially in the valuation of circumcision during early childhood. Regular clinical examination of the penis is a sensible measure of early detection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Klinik für Urologie und Kinderurologie, Campus Kiel, Universitätsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein, Arnold-Heller-Straße 3, 24105, Kiel, Deutschland

    C. Colberg, C. van der Horst, K.‑P. Jünemann &  C. M. Naumann

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  1. C. Colberg
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  2. C. van der Horst
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  3. K.‑P. Jünemann
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  4. C. M. Naumann
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Correspondence to C. M. Naumann.

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Interessenkonflikt

C. Colberg, C. van der Horst, K.‑P. Jünemann und C. M. Naumann geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Colberg, C., van der Horst, C., Jünemann, K. et al. Epidemiologie des Peniskarzinoms. Urologe 57, 408–412 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00120-018-0593-7

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