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Katheterinterventionelle Therapie der Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz

Interventional catheter treatment of tricuspid valve regurgitation

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Zusammenfassung

Hintergrund

Die Trikuspidalklappe kann als die „vergessene“ Klappe bezeichnet werden, da in der Vergangenheit kaum Forschung in diesem Feld betrieben wurde und es folglich nur wenige Therapieoptionen gab. Die Prognose einer unbehandelten Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz (TI) ist bei erhöhter Mortalität deutlich eingeschränkt. Zudem kehren die betroffenen Patienten aufgrund kardialer Dekompensationen mit Luftnot und Beinödemen wiederholt in die Arztpraxen und Krankenhäuser zurück.

Ziel der Arbeit

Seit einigen Jahren wird verstärkt an kathetergestützten Behandlungstechniken geforscht. Aktuell befinden sich mehrere Systeme in der klinischen Forschung, die in diesem Beitrag vorgestellt werden.

Material und Methoden

Es erfolgte eine webbasierte Literaturrecherche, die um Informationen von internationalen kardiologischen Kongressen ergänzt wurde (TCT 2016 in Washington, DGK 2017 in Mannheim, EuroPCR 2017 in Paris).

Ergebnisse und Schlussfolgerung

Aktuell gibt es verschiedene Ansätze zur katheterinterventionellen Behandlung einer TI, die im Rahmen von Studien untersucht werden. Die meisten haben das Ziel, den Trikuspidalklappenring zu raffen und somit die Segelkoaptation zu verbessern. Die ersten Ergebnisse sind sehr vielversprechend. Durch den Einsatz dieser Therapieverfahren können heute Patienten behandelt werden, die bis vor Kurzem aufgrund einer hohen perioperativen Mortalität als nicht behandelbar galten.

Abstract

Background

The tricuspid valve can be considered the “forgotten” valve because in the past hardly any research has been conducted in this field and as a result only few therapeutic options existed. The prognosis of untreated tricuspid regurgitation (TR) is poor and mortality is high for patients with severe TR. Patients frequently return to medical practices and hospitals because of cardiac decompensation, with shortness of breath and leg edema.

Objective

Recent years have seen more development in catheter-based treatment options. Currently, several devices are in clinical evaluation, which are presented in this article.

Material and methods

A web-based literature search was carried out and information was gathered at international cardiology meetings (TCT 2016 in Washington, DGK 2017 in Mannheim, EuroPCR 2017 in Paris).

Results and conclusion

There are various options for interventional catheter procedures for TR, which are being investigated within the scope of clinical studies. Most aim at reducing the tricuspid annular diameter and optimizing leaflet coaptation. Because of these new therapy options patients can now be treated who were considered untreatable in the past because of the high perioperative mortality.

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Correspondence to C. Frerker.

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Interessenkonflikt

T. Wißt, C. Frerker, M. Schlüter geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht. F. Kreidel gibt die folgenden potentiellen Interessenskonflikte an: Beratungs- und Referententätigkeiten für Edwards Lifesciences und Abbott Vascular. K.‑H. Kuck gibt die folgenden potentiellen Interessenskonflikte an: Beratungstätigkeiten für Abbott Vascular.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Wißt, T., Kreidel, F., Schlüter, M. et al. Katheterinterventionelle Therapie der Trikuspidalklappeninsuffizienz. Internist 58, 1222–1230 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-017-0329-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00108-017-0329-6

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