Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Quantitative image analysis of acoustic tomography in woods

  • Original
  • Published:
European Journal of Wood and Wood Products Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The development of acoustic techniques for wood analysis through tomography has enabled the generation of images by means of nondestructive techniques. These images allow for the evaluation of the internal condition of wood trunks. This type of evaluation provides valuable information since the internal defects (e.g. holes) in the wood are difficult to identify—especially in its early stages of development. Whereas there is a substantial body of work that aims to improve these images by applying new interpolation and inspection techniques, the assessment of these techniques has traditionally been carried out via a bare visual analysis or inspection of the real wood trunk. In this work, an approach is proposed to quantitatively assess interpolation methods regarding their ability to correctly detect faults in the wood. This approach is based on a confusion matrix that allows for the computation of accuracy, reliability and recall. An experiment is presented using images from the cross-section of wood trunks generated by two interpolation methods applied for internal-hole detection: (1) an interpolation method using surrounding points and (2) the Ellipse Based Spatial Interpolation. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the approach in quantitatively assessing and comparing these methods.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7
Fig. 8
Fig. 9
Fig. 10
Fig. 11
Fig. 12
Fig. 13
Fig. 14

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Bond L, Saffari M (1984) Mode-conversion ultrasonic testing. In: Sharpe RS (ed) Nondestructive testing, vol 7, pp 145–189

  • Bourke P (1992) Intersection of two circles. http://paulbourke.net/geometry/circlesphere

  • Deng X, Liu Q, Deng Y, Mahadevan S (2016) An improved method to construct basic probability assignment based on the confusion matrix for classification problem. Inf Sci 340:250–261

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Du X, Li S, Li G, Feng H, Chen S (2015) Stress wave tomography of wood internal defects using ellipse-based spatial interpolation and velocity compensation. BioResources 10(3):3948–3962

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fawcett T (2006) An introduction to ROC analysis. Pattern Recogn Lett 27(8):861–874. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.patrec.2005.10.010

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feng H, Li G, Fu S, Wang X (2014) Tomographic image reconstruction using an interpolation method for tree decay detection. BioResources 9(2):3248–3263. https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.9.2.3248-3263

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert EA, Smiley ET (2004) Picus sonic tomography for the quanification of decay in white oak (quercus alba) and hickory (carya spp.). J Arboric 30(5):277–281

    Google Scholar 

  • Gonçalves R, Reis MN, Ziller DP, Palma SS, A BM, (2017) Ultrasonic tomography in logs of urban trees with different levels and types of hollows. 20th international nondestructive testing and evaluation of wood symposium, Madison, Wisconsin, pp 172–178

  • Gonzalez RC, Woods RE (2002) Digital image processing. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River

    Google Scholar 

  • Lin C, Kao Y, Lin T, Tsai M, Wang S, Lin L, Wang Y, Chan M (2008) Application of an ultrasonic tomographic technique for detecting defects in standing trees. Int Biodeter Biodegrad 62(4):434–441

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Secco CB (2011) Detention of hollow in logs using methods of propagation of ultrasonic waves. Master’s Thesis, University of Campinas. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/256876

  • Wedgwood F (1987) Data processing in ultrasonic ndt. Proc Ultrasonic Int 87:381–386

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yaitskova N, van de Kuilen JW (2014) Time-of-flight modeling of transversal ultrasonic scan of wood. J Acoust Soc Am 135(6):3409–3415

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Zeng L, Lin J, Hua J, Shi W (2013) Interference resisting design for guided wave tomography. Smart Mater Struct 22(5):1–12. https://doi.org/10.1088/0964-1726/22/5/055017

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Technology, University of Campinas, Rua Paschoal Marmo 1888, Jd. Nova Itália, Limeira, SP, 13083-875, Brazil

    Jorge Renato Andrade Strobel, Marco Antonio Garcia de Carvalho & Paulo S. Martins

  2. School of Agricultural Engineering, University of Campinas, Av. Cândido Rondon, 501, Barão Geraldo, Campinas, SP, 13083-875, Brazil

    Raquel Gonçalves, Cinthya Bertoldo Pedroso & Mariana Nagle dos Reis

Authors
  1. Jorge Renato Andrade Strobel
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Marco Antonio Garcia de Carvalho
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Raquel Gonçalves
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Cinthya Bertoldo Pedroso
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Mariana Nagle dos Reis
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Paulo S. Martins
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jorge Renato Andrade Strobel.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Strobel, J.R.A., de Carvalho, M.A.G., Gonçalves, R. et al. Quantitative image analysis of acoustic tomography in woods. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 76, 1379–1389 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-018-1323-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-018-1323-y

Search

Navigation