Abstract
In this study 25 different building materials often used in timber constructions (wood based panels, gypsum boards, vapor barriers, adhesive tapes, insulation materials and sealants) were investigated with regard to their adsorption, desorption and diffusion behaviour towards volatile organic compounds (VOC). The materials were exposed to four, respectively five selected VOCs typically found in indoor air: hexanal, butyl acetate, p-xylene, nonane and α-pinene. Adsorption and desorption properties were investigated under static conditions, whereas the diffusion behavior was examined in a 0.225 m3 emission chamber with an air exchange rate of 1 h−1. The results of the experiments indicate that some building products have a high potential to reduce VOCs in indoor air. Apart from the vapor barriers, two insulating materials and one plasterboard, all tested materials represented an adsorption efficiency of about 50 % or higher related to the injected VOC standards. Materials with high adsorption capacity bound substances strongly and desorbed them less, whereas less adsorbing materials acted inversely. The obtained results indicate that material properties and processing play a considerable role in diffusion behavior of building materials.
Zusammenfassung
In dieser Arbeit wurden 25 verschiedene Baumaterialien, die häufig Anwendung im Holzbau finden (Holzwerkstoffe, Gipsplatten, Dampfbremsen, Klebebänder, Isolier- und Dichtungsmaterialien), hinsichtlich ihres Adsorptions-, Desorptions- sowie Diffusionsverhaltens gegenüber flüchtigen organischen Verbindungen (VOCs) untersucht. Dazu wurden die Materialien vier bzw. fünf, häufig in der Innenraumluft vorkommenden VOCs ausgesetzt: Hexanal, Butylacetat, p-Xylol, Nonan und α-Pinen. Die Adsorptions- und Desorptionsversuche wurden unter statischen Bedingungen durchgeführt. Zur Untersuchung des Diffusionsverhaltens wurden 0,225 m2 Emissionskammern mit einem Luftwechsel von 1 h−1 herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse der Untersuchungen zeigen, dass einige Bauprodukte einen erheblichen Beitrag zur Reduktion von VOCs in der Innenraumluft leisten können. Mit Ausnahme der Dampfbremsen, zweier Dämmstoffe sowie einer Gipskartonplatte adsorbierten alle getesteten Materialien mindestens 50 % der injizierten VOC-Standards. Materialien mit höherem Adsorptionsvermögen wiesen eine geringere Tendenz zur Desorption auf und umgekehrt. Es zeigte sich, dass Materialeigenschaften sowie Verarbeitung eine nicht zu vernachlässigende Rolle beim Diffusionsverhalten von Baumaterialien spielen.
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Niedermayer, S., Fürhapper, C., Nagl, S. et al. VOC sorption and diffusion behavior of building materials. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 71, 563–571 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0713-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-013-0713-4