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Compressive behaviour of axially loaded spruce wood under large deformations at different strain rates

Verhalten von axial beanspruchtem Fichtenholz unter Druckbeanspruchung bei großen Deformationen und verschiedenen Dehnraten

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Abstract

Impact limiting components of packages for the transport of radioactive materials are often designed as wood filled steel constructions. Wood absorbs major part of the impact energy in order to minimise the impact load acting upon the containment. Dynamic impact experiments with wood filled impact limiters showed different crushing mechanisms for axially loaded wood depending on their lateral constraint. Tests on spruce wood samples (Picea abies) were performed in order to clarify the influence of strain rate from static to 30 s−1 on a) compression strength, b) stress at a global strain level of 50%, and c) energy absorption capacity at 50% deformation, including statistical evaluation of the results. Results were as follows: strain rate increase led to significantly higher compression strength, stress and strain energy at a strain level of 50%. Lateral strain restriction had no effect on compression strength; it had a significant effect on stress and strain energy at strain level of 50%. Therefore, the definition of a general yield curve for wood under large deformations is not possible, the yield curve has to be chosen taking into account lateral constraints.

Zusammenfassung

Stoßdämpfende Bauteile von Transportbehältern für radioaktive Stoffe sind oft als holzgefüllte Stahlkonstruktionen konstruiert. Um die Stoßbeanspruchung der dichten Umschließung zu minimieren, absorbiert das Holz einen Großteil der Aufprallenergie. Fallversuche mit stoßdämpfenden Bauteilen haben gezeigt, dass abhängig von seitlicher Dehnungsbehinderung unterschiedliche Kompressionsmechanismen für axial beanspruchtes Holz ersichtlich waren. Versuche mit Fichtenholzproben (Picea abies) wurden durchgeführt, um mit Hilfe statistischer Methoden den Einfluss der Dehnrate von statisch bis 30 s−1 auf (a) Druckfestigkeit, (b) Spannung bei globaler Stauchung von 50 % und (c) Energieabsorption bei einer Stauchung von 50 % zu ermitteln. Folgende Resultate wurden erzielt: Eine höhere Dehnrate führte zu signifikant höheren Druckfestigkeiten, Druckspannungen und Energieabsorptionen bei 50 % Stauchung. Die seitliche Dehnungsbehinderung hatte keinen Einfluss auf die Druckfestigkeit, mit seitlicher Dehnungsbehinderung zeigten sich aber signifikant erhöhte Druckspannungen und Energieabsorptionen bei 50 % Stauchung. Daher ist die Definition einer allgemeingültigen Fließkurve für Holz bei großen Deformationen nicht möglich, die Fließkurve muss unter Einbeziehung der seitlichen Dehnungsbehinderung gewählt werden.

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Acknowledgements

This work was co-sponsored by German Federal Ministry for Education and Research under contract 02S8274. The authors thank Gesellschaft für Nuklear-Service mbH (GNS) and Mitsubishi Heavy Industries (MHI) for the permission to publish pictures of their drop test objects taken at the BAM drop test facility.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing, 12200, Berlin, Germany

    Martin Neumann, Jürgen Herter & Bernhard O. Droste

  2. Bergische Universität Wuppertal, HS Furtwangen, Germany

    Sylvius Hartwig

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  1. Martin Neumann
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  2. Jürgen Herter
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  3. Bernhard O. Droste
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  4. Sylvius Hartwig
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Correspondence to Martin Neumann.

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Neumann, M., Herter, J., Droste, B.O. et al. Compressive behaviour of axially loaded spruce wood under large deformations at different strain rates. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 69, 345–357 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0442-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-010-0442-x

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