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Effects of cold setting adhesives on properties of laminated veneer lumber from oil palm trunks in comparison with rubberwood

Einfluss kalt härtender Klebstoffe auf die Eigenschaften von Furnierschichtholz aus Ölpalmenholz und aus Gummibaumholz

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Abstract

In this study, the properties of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) made from oil palm trunks (OPT) were evaluated in comparison with rubberwood using cold setting adhesives, namely, emulsion polymeric isocyanate (EPI) and polyvinyl acetate (PVAc). The evaluations were based on either dry or after cold water, hot water and cyclic pre-treatment. The density of the OPT LVL was slightly higher than that of solid OPT. Thickness swelling and water absorption of OPT LVL were greater than of rubberwood LVL. Pre-treatment increased the water absorption and thickness swelling. The OPT LVL bonded with EPI without toluene showed greater water absorption and thickness swelling than EPI with toluene. Pre-treatment significantly reduced the tensile strength of OPT LVL. The OPT LVL bonded with EPI without toluene showed higher tensile shear strength, but a greater reduction of tensile shear strength after pre-treatment, than the OPT LVL bonded with EPI and toluene. The PVAc adhesive had greater wettability than the EPI. The EPI without toluene showed a lower contact angle than the EPI with toluene. The loose side of the OPT veneer was found to have greater wettability than the tight side.

Zusammenfassung

Die Eigenschaften von Furnierschichtholz (LVL) aus Ölpalmenholz (OPT) hergestellt unter Verwendung von kalt härtenden Klebstoffen, namentlich Emulsions-Polymerisocyanat (EPI) und Polyvinylazetat (PVAc), wurden untersucht und mit denjenigen von LVL aus Gummibaumholz verglichen. Die Untersuchungen wurden an unbehandelten Proben oder nach einer Kaltwasser-, Heißwasser- und zyklischen Vorbehandlung durchgeführt. Die Dichte von OPT LVL war etwas höher als die Dichte von massivem Ölpalmenholz. Die Dickenquellung und die Wasserabsorption von OPT LVL waren größer als die von Gummibaum LVL. Eine Vorbehandlung hatte eine höhere Wasserabsorption und Dickenquellung zur Folge. Mit EPI ohne Toluen verklebtes OPT LVL wies eine höhere Wasserabsorption und Dickenquellung auf als Proben, die mit EPI mit Toluen verklebt wurden. Durch eine Vorbehandlung wurde die Zugfestigkeit von OPT LVL signifikant reduziert. Für EPI ohne Toluen verklebtes OPT LVL ergab sich eine höhere Zugscherfestigkeit, jedoch nahm diese nach einer Vorbehandlung stärker ab als bei mit EPI mit Toluen verklebtem OPT LVL. Der PVAc-Klebstoff hatte eine höhere Benetzbarkeit als der EPI-Klebstoff. EPI ohne Toluen hatte einen niedrigeren Kontaktwinkel als EPI mit Toluen. Die offene Seite des OPT Furniers zeigte eine höhere Benetzbarkeit als die geschlossene Seite.

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Acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support of the Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Science Fund Grant (03-01-05-SF0082), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Central Kedah Plywood Factory Sdn. Bhd., and Casco Adhesives Sdn. Bhd.

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Correspondence to Rokiah Hashim.

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Hashim, R., Sarmin, S.N., Sulaiman, O. et al. Effects of cold setting adhesives on properties of laminated veneer lumber from oil palm trunks in comparison with rubberwood. Eur. J. Wood Prod. 69, 53–61 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-009-0405-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-009-0405-2

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