Abstract
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) samples were vacuum pressure impregnated with quaternary ammonium (quat)-silicone micro-emulsion (<40 nm particle size), amino-silicone macro-emulsion (110 nm) and silicone macro-emulsion with alkyl modified side groups (740 nm). Quat-silicone micro-emulsion caused highest cell wall bulking (4.8%) and anti-swelling efficiency (21.8%) in wood when treated with 30% concentration of silicone in the treatment solution. All three formulations made wood hydrophobic which was evident from a capillary (longitudinal, tangential and radial) water uptake test. Amino-silicone macro-emulsion (10% silicone in treatment solution) resulted in strong resistance to blue stain attack with both pre-weathered and not pre-weathered wood samples. Signs of blue staining were more evident on the pre-weathered samples. Treatment with amino-silicone macro-emulsion (10% silicone in treatment solution) resulted in a certain resistance to mould growth on wood surfaces, whereas wood treated with the same concentration of quat-silicone micro-emulsion and alkyl-modified silicone macro-emulsion exhibited comparatively lower resistance.
Zusammenfassung
Kiefernholzproben (Pinus sylvestris L.) wurden unter Vakuum-Druck mit Emulsionen von drei Silicontypen imprägniert: der Mikro-Emulsion eines Silicons mit quaternären Ammoniumgruppen (Quat-Silicon, <40 nm Partikelgröße), der Makro-Emulsion eines Amino-Silicons (110 nm) und der Makro-Emulsion eines Silicons mit alkyl-modifizierten Seitengruppen (740 nm). Die Mikro-Emulsion des Quat-Silicons verursachte die höchste Zellwandausdehnung (,,Bulking‘‘, 4.8%) und Quellvergütung (,,ASE‘‘, 21.8%) bei Holzproben, die mit 30%iger Siliconlösung behandelt wurden. Eine Untersuchung der kapillaren Wasseraufnahme (longitudinal, tangential und radial) machte deutlich, dass alle drei Formulierungen das Holz hydrophobieren. Die Makro-Emulsion des Amino-Silicons (10% Silicon-Konzentration in der Behandlungslösung) bewirkte sowohl bei vorbewitterten als auch bei nicht vorbewitterten Proben eine hohe Resistenz gegenüber Bläuebefall. Hierbei war der Bläuebefall auf den vorbewitterten Proben deutlicher zu erkennen. Die Behandlung mit der Makro-Emulsion des Amino-Silicons (10% Silicon-Konzentration in der Behandlungslösung) ergab eine gewisse Resistenz gegenüber Schimmelbefall auf Holzoberflächen, während Hölzer, die mit der Mikro-Emulsion des Quat-Silicons und der Makro-Emulsion des alkyl-modifizierten Silicons behandelt wurden, eine vergleichsweise geringe Resistenz aufwiesen.
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Ghosh, S.C., Militz, H. & Mai, C. The efficacy of commercial silicones against blue stain and mould fungi in wood . Eur. J. Wood Prod. 67, 159–167 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-008-0296-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-008-0296-7