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Leachability and termite resistance of wood treated with a new preservative: ammonium borate oleate

Auswaschbarkeit und Termitenresistenz von Holz, das mit Ammoniumborat-Oleat, einem neuen Schutzmittel behandelt wurde

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Abstract

Synthesis of a new chemical compound combining water-repellence of oleic acid and biocidal effect of boric acid linked by ammonia have been followed and validated by fourier transformed infra red (FTIR). This compound named ammonium borate oleate (ABO) has then been studied as a wood preservative. Different molar ratios of oleic acid have been involved in the synthesis of ABO and leachability of those mixes from wood observed according to Japanese industrial standard. The formulation one mole of boric acid and one of ammonia (1:1:4) for four moles of oleic acid has shown the best efficiency compared to formulations 1:1:1, 1:1:2 and 1:1:3 with about 52% of boron remaining after weathering when other formulations retained respectively 10%, 29% and 46% of boron in the case of an impregnation of Cryptomeria japonica. Seven solutions of 1:1:4 ABO in ethanol of different concentrations were then produced and sapwood blocks of C. japonica and Fagus crenata were impregnated. A toxicity threshold of around 2.0 kg/m3 for both species was determined in a termite resistance test to Coptotermes formosanus indicating the positive effect of combining water repellent and biocide. Termite mortality recording and microscopic observations complete this study indicating that the action mechanism of ABO is providing a water resistant inner coating.

Zusammenfassung

Eine neue chemische Verbindung, welche das Wasserabweisungsvermögen von Ölsaure mit der Schutzwirkung von Borsäure in Verbindung mit Ammonium kombiniert, wurde untersucht und mittels FTIR bewertet. Diese Verbindung namens Ammoniumborat-Oleat (ABO) wurde anschließend bezüglich ihrer Eigenschaft als Holzschutzmittel untersucht. Dabei wurden vier Rezepturen mit verschiedenen Molanteilen Ölsäure bezüglich ihrer Auswaschbarkeit aus dem Holz nach dem Japanischen Industrie-Standard geprüft. Die Rezeptur mit einem Mol Borsäure, einem Mol Ammonium und vier Mol Ölsäure (1:1:4) erwies sich verglichen mit den Rezepturen 1:1:1, 1:1:2 und 1:1:3 als am wirksamsten. Dabei war nach Bewitterung noch etwa 52% Bor vorhanden, wohingegen bei den anderen Rezepturen bei der Imprägnierung von japanischer Zeder (Cryptomeria japonica) nur 10%, 29% und 46% Bor im Holz verblieben. Anschließend wurden mit der Mischung 1:1:4 ABO sieben verschiedene Lösungen unterschiedlicher Konzentration in Ethanol hergestellt. Damit wurden Splintholzproben der japanischen Zeder (Cryptomeria japonica) und der japanischen Buche (Fagus crenata) imprägniert. In einem Termitenresistenzversuch mit Coptotermes formosanus wurde bei beiden Arten ein Toxizitätsgrenzwert von ungefähr 2.0 kg/m3 bestimmt. Dies zeigt die Wirksamkeit der Kombination eines Wasser abweisenden Mittels und eines Biozids. Darüber hinaus wurden Aufzeichnungen der Termitensterblichkeit sowie mikroskopische Untersuchungen durchgeführt, die das Wirkprinzip von ABO durch Bildung einer Wasser abweisenden Schicht im Holz aufzeigen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Mechanical and Civil Engineering, University of Montpellier 2, Montpellier, France

    Florent Lyon & Joseph Gril

  2. ENSTIB-LERMAB, University of Nancy 1, Epinal, France

    Antonio Pizzi

  3. Research Institute of Sustainable Humanosphere, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan

    Yuji Imamura

  4. Wood Preservation Laboratory, CIRAD-Foret UPR 40, Montpellier, France

    Marie-France Thevenon

  5. Dept. of Forest Biology and Wood Protection Technol., Faculty of Forestry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey

    S. Nami Kartal

Authors
  1. Florent Lyon
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  2. Antonio Pizzi
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  3. Yuji Imamura
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  4. Marie-France Thevenon
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  5. S. Nami Kartal
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  6. Joseph Gril
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Correspondence to Antonio Pizzi.

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Lyon, F., Pizzi, A., Imamura, Y. et al. Leachability and termite resistance of wood treated with a new preservative: ammonium borate oleate . Holz Roh Werkst 65, 359–366 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-007-0192-6

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