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Polyborate ions’ influence on the durability of wood treated with non-toxic protein borate preservatives

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Abstract

11B NMR spectra of the reaction products present in solutions of boric acid and protein such as albumin were done to determine the boron species present in protein borate wood preservatives. At acid pHs only the undissociated H3BO3 at 20 ppm occurs, while at alkaline pH the signals of the charged and uncharged boron atoms at 16 ppm and 12.6–13.7 ppm of the three ionic species [B(OH)4], [B3O3(OH)4], [B3O3(OH)5]2− occur. A third much smaller intensity signal at 1.7–1.8 ppm due to the reaction of a polyborate compound with the protein is also present. Application of heat causes a relative increase in the proportion of the latter two signals indicating both an increase of charged structures in solution and of the proportion of boron ions having reacted with the protein, the higher temperature having increased its solubility. This is compared and related to the effectiveness of albumin borate at different pHs and in relation to the different extent of leaching of boron species in both laboratory and field trial experiments. Both laboratory and field trials are reported. This is also related to previous findings as regards the effectiveness of proteins of different isoelectric point when used in protein borates wood preservatives, and to the influence of pH on the performance of these wood preservatives.

Zusammenfassung

11B NMR-Spektren der Reaktionsprodukte in Lösungen von Borsäure und Albumin wurden angewendet, um die erwünschten Komponenten in Holzschutzmittel auf Proteinborat-Basis zu bestimmen. Im sauren Bereich liegt nur undissozierte Borsäure vor (bei 20 ppm). Im Alkalischen erscheinen die Signale der geladenen und ungeladenen Boratome bei 16 ppm und 12,6–13,7 ppm, die als komplexe Ionen der Form [B(OH)4], [B3O3(OH)4], [B3O3(OH)5]2− vorliegen. Ein drittes Signal mit viel geringerer Intensität bei 1,7–1,8 ppm weist auf ein Reaktionsprodukt einer Polyboratkomponente mit Protein hin. Nach Erhitzen steigt die relative Intensität der beiden letzteren Signale an, d.h. sowohl der Anteil der geladenen Strukturen in der Lösung als auch der Borionen, die mit Protein reagiert haben, ist gestiegen. Dies ist auf die höhere Löslichkeit bei höherer Temperatur zurückzuführen. Diese Ergebnisse werden in Beziehung gesetzt zu der Effektivität der Albuminborate bei unterschiedlichen pH-Werten sowie zum unterschiedlichen Ausmaß der Auslaugung von Borionen im Labor- und Feldversuchen. Ergebnisse beider Versuche werden mitgeteilt. Weiterhin werden Beziehungen hergestellt zu früheren Befunden zur Effektivität von Proteinen mit unterschiedlichen isoelektrischen Punkten als Holzschutzmittel, sowie zum Einfluß des pH-Wertes auf die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Holzschutzmittel.

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Thevenon, M.F., Pizzi, A. Polyborate ions’ influence on the durability of wood treated with non-toxic protein borate preservatives. Holz Roh Werkst 61, 457–464 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00107-003-0421-6

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