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Chirurgische Aspekte bei kleinen neuroendokrinen Dünndarmtumoren

Surgical aspects of neuroendocrine tumors of the small intestine

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Zusammenfassung

Neuroendokrine Tumoren des Dünndarms sind mit einer Inzidenz von unter 1 pro 100.000 Einwohner eine eher seltene Erkrankung. Die neuroendokrinen Tumoren des Dünndarms zählen jedoch mit einem Anteil von über 20 % aller neuroendokrinen Tumoren zu den häufigsten Malignomen des Dünndarms. Aufgrund der eher unspezifischen klinischen Beschwerden erfolgt die Diagnose oft spät. Zum Zeitpunkt der Operation liegt daher bei einem Drittel der Patienten bereits eine hepatische Metastasierung vor. Eine Korrelation zwischen Tumorgröße und Tumorstadium besteht nicht. Auch kleine Tumoren <10 mm können bereits lymphatisch sein oder fernmetastasieren, sodass die Radikalität der Operation nicht durch die Größe des Primarius bestimmt wird. Die darmsparende Resektion mit der systematischen Lymphadenektomie entlang der A. mesenterica superior und Entfernung der retropankreatischen Lymphknoten ist auch im lokalisierten Stadium zu empfehlen.

Abstract

Neuroendocrine tumors of the small intestines are a rare disease with an incidence of 1 per 100,000 of the population; however, they account for over 20% of all neuroendocrine tumors and are the most common malignancy of the small intestines. Diagnosis is often made at a late stage of the disease, as the clinical symptoms are unspecific. Approximately one third of all patients show hepatic metastases at the time of diagnosis. There is no correlation between tumor size and tumor stage. Even small tumors <10 mm harbor the risk for lymphatic and distant metastases so that the extent of surgery is not determined by the size of the primary tumor. The intestinal-sparing resection with systematic lymphadenectomy along the superior mesenteric artery and removal of the retropancreatic lymph nodes is recommended even in localized stages of the disease.

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Correspondence to F. Weber.

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F. Weber und H. Dralle geben an, dass kein Interessenkonflikt besteht.

Dieser Beitrag beinhaltet keine von den Autoren durchgeführten Studien an Menschen oder Tieren.

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Weber, F., Dralle, H. Chirurgische Aspekte bei kleinen neuroendokrinen Dünndarmtumoren. Chirurg 89, 428–433 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00104-018-0607-4

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