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Larynxmaske

Möglichkeiten und Grenzen

Laryngeal masks

Possibilities and limits

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Zusammenfassung

Wohl kaum eine Entwicklung hat das Atemwegsmanagement in den letzten Jahren derart revolutioniert wie die Einführung der Larynxmaske (LMA, „laryngeal mask airway“), die erstmals 1981 von A. Brain klinisch eingesetzt worden war und seit 1990 auch in Deutschland weite Verbreitung gefunden hat. Ursprünglich als Ersatz für die herkömmliche Maskenbeatmung im Rahmen kurzer Allgemeinanästhesien vorgesehen, ist die LMA inzwischen in zahlreichen Bereichen als Alternative zur elektiven endotrachealen Intubation und nicht zuletzt als Option bei der Beherrschung des schwierigen Atemwegs etabliert. Der nachfolgende Artikel gibt einen Überblick über Grundlagen sowie praktische Aspekte und zeigt Möglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes der Larynxmaske im klinischen Alltag auf.

Abstract

Introduction of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) has been a revolutionary development in airway management over the last decades. It was first used clinically in 1981 by A. Brain and has been widely used in Germany since 1990. Originally intended as a substitute for conventional mask respiration for short periods of general anaesthesia, the laryngeal mask is in the meantime used in many areas as an alternative to elective endotracheal intubation as well as an option for controlling difficult airways. This contribution provides an overview of the basics as well as practical aspects of LMA use, and discusses the possibilities and limitations of the laryngeal mask in daily practice.

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  1. Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Deutschland

    H. Hillebrand &  J. Motsch

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Hillebrand, H., Motsch, J. Larynxmaske. Anaesthesist 56, 617–632 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00101-007-1198-5

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