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Verticillium wilt of potato in central Peru

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Abstract

Studies in the 1950’s indicated thatVerticillium alboatrum was present in potato fields in the irrigated coastal valleys of central Peru. No further studies were carried out in Peru until those in the late 1970’s initiated at The International Potato Center. So far, Verticillium wilt of potatoes has been observed in several valleys of the coast as well as in highland valleys at elevations up to 3400 m. Although the frequency of isolation ofVerticillium sp. has been much greater in the highlands, the disease is of less consequence there because of low temperatures during the growing season. The most common symptom observed in the field is early senescence, including yellowing and stunting of the foliage. Typical “wilt” symptoms are rarely found. Both in the coastal valleys and in the highlands, onlyVerticillium dahliae has been identified. Although no studies on losses and the economic importance of Verticillium wilt of potatoes have been done, it is clear that the two most important crops used in rotation in coastal valleys of central Peru, potato and cotton, are severely affected.

Resumen

Los estudios realizados en los años cincuenta indicaron queVerticillium alboatrum estuvo presente en los campos de papa en los valles irrigados de la costa del Peru central. No se realizaron más estudios en el Perú hasta los de fines de los años setenta que fueron iniciados por el Centro International de la Papa. Hasta ahora, la marchitez de papa por Verticillium ha sido observada en alturas hasta 3 400 m. Aunque la frecuencia del aislamiento deVerticillium spp. ha sido mucho mayor en tierras altas, allá, al enfermedad tiene menos consecuencias debido a las temperaturas bajas durante la temporada de cultivo. El sintoma más común observado en el campo es senescencia prematura que comprende amarillamiento y enanismo del follaje. Raramente se encuentran los sintomas tipicos de “marchitez.” Tanto en los valles de la costa como en las tierras altas, solamente se ha identificado aVerticillium dahliae. A pesar de no haberse hecho estudios sobre las pérdidas y la importancia económica de la marchitez de papa por Verticillium, es evidente que los dos cultivos más importantes utilizados en rotación en los valles del Perú central, papa y algodón, son severamente afectados.

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Martin, C. Verticillium wilt of potato in central Peru. American Potato Journal 62, 195–199 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02852977

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