Summary.
Metrius contractus, a primitive paussoid bombardier beetle, emits its defensive quinonoid froth with accompanying sound (a faint “hiss”), but the sound is not pulsed, indicating that the secretory emission itself is not pulsed. Pulsed secretory delivery in bombardier beetles appears to occur in Brachinini only.
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Received 8 July 2001; accepted 23 July 2001.
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Eisner, T., Yack, J. & Aneshansley, D. Acoustic concomitants of the defensive discharges of a primitive bombardier beetle (Metrius contractus). Chemoecology 11, 221–223 (2001). https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001854
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00001854