Skip to main content
Log in

Using Routine Growth Monitoring Data in Tracking Overweight Prevalence in Young Children

  • Published:
Canadian Journal of Public Health Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Background

Childhood obesity is a public health concern in Canada. Few anthropometrical data are available to monitor the obesity trend in young Canadian children. This study explored the feasibility of using routine growth monitoring data from physicians’ offices for tracking the prevalence of obesity in children from two to six years of age in County of Middlesex and the City of London, Ontario.

Method

Data on body weight and height were retrieved from the growth chart at each immunization visit and routine checkup in five medical centres in the Middlesex-London area. Postal code data were also collected as a proxy measure for socio-economic status. The BMI-for-age references by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) of the United States were used to classify the weight status of the children.

Results

In total, 1,370 growth charts of children from two to six years of age were reviewed. Approximately 30% of young children were either at risk of being overweight or were overweight, with an onset as early as age two.

Conclusion

Overweight is prevalent in young children. Data from routine growth monitoring in primary health care settings have great potential to be used as a population-based data source to track the prevalence of obesity in young children.

Résumé

Contexte

L’obésité de l’enfance est un problème de santé publique au Canada, mais on a peu de données anthropométriques pour en surveiller la progression chez les jeunes enfants. Nous avons cherché à déterminer s’il était possible d’utiliser les données de surveillance de la croissance couramment recueillies dans les cabinets de médecins pour suivre la prévalence de l’obésité chez les enfants de deux à six ans du comté de Middlesex et de la ville de London, en Ontario.

Méthode

Nos données sur le poids et la taille des enfants provenaient de leur fiche de croissance à chaque vaccination et à chaque examen médical complet dans cinq centres médicaux de la région de Middlesex-London. Nous avons aussi recueilli des données sur le code postal comme variables substitutives pour mesurer le statut socio-économique. Les données de référence concernant l’indice de masse corporelle selon l’âge, élaborées par les Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) des États-Unis, ont servi à classer le statut pondéral des enfants.

Résultats

Nous avons examiné en tout 1 370 fiches de croissance d’enfants de deux à six ans. Environ 30 % des jeunes enfants étaient à risque de surcharge pondérale ou satisfaisaient déjà au critère de surcharge pondérale, parfois dès l’âge de deux ans.

Conclusion

L’embonpoint est courant chez les jeunes enfants. Les données extraites de la surveillance régulière de la croissance en milieu de soins de santé primaires pourraient être des outils représentatifs très intéressants pour suivre la prévalence de l’obésité chez les jeunes enfants.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Williams CL, Hayman LL, Daniels SR, Robinson TN, Steinberger J, Paridon S, et al. Cardiovascular health in childhood: A statement for health professionals from the Committee on Atherosclerosis, Hypertension, and Obesity in the Young (AHOY) of the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young, American Heart Association. Circulation 2002;106:143–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Serdula MK, Ivery D, Coates RJ, Freedman DS, Williamson DF, Byers T. Do obese children become obese adults? A review of the literature. Prev Med 1993;22:167–77.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Kuczmarski RJ, Ogden CL, Grummer-Strawn LM, Flegal KM, Guo SS, Wei R, et al. CDC growth charts: United States. Adv Data 2000;314:1–27.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Pi-Sunyer FX. Obesity: Criteria and classification. Proc Nutr Soc 2000;59:505–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Barlow SE, Dietz WH. Obesity evaluation and treatment: Expert Committee recommendations. The Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration and the Department of Health and Human Services. Pediatrics 1998;102:E29.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. The use of growth charts for assessing and monitoring growth in Canadian infants and children. Can J Diet Pract Res 2004;65:22–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Tremblay MS, Katzmarzyk PT, Willms JD. Temporal trends in overweight and obesity in Canada, 1981–1996. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002;26:538–43.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Statistics Canada. National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth: Childhood Obesity. October 18, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Torrance GM, Hooper MD, Reeder BA. Trends in overweight and obesity among adults in Canada (1970–1992): Evidence from national surveys using measured height and weight. Int J Obes Relat Metab Disord 2002;26:797–804.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Rourke LL, Leduc DG, Rourke JT. Rourke Baby Record 2000. Collaboration in action. Can Fam Phys 2001;47:333–34.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Epi Info 2000. 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Geography Division Statistics Canada. Postal code conversion file. (2001 census geography versions). 2003. Ottawa, ON, Statistics Canada.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Statistics Canada. MapInfo. (1996 Canadian Census). 1996.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Ogden CL, Flegal KM, Carroll MD, Johnson CL. Prevalence and trends in overweight among US children and adolescents, 1999–2000. JAMA 2002;288:1728–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Strauss RS, Knight J. Influence of the home environment on the development of obesity in children. Pediatrics 1999;103:e85.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Dowda M, Ainsworth BE, Addy CL, Saunders R, Riner W. Environmental influences, physical activity, and weight status in 8- to 16-year-olds. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155:711–17.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Alaimo K, Olson CM, Frongillo EA, Jr. Low family income and food insufficiency in relation to overweight in US children: Is there a paradox? Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 2001;155:1161–67.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Mei Z, Scanion KS, Grummer-Strawn LM, Freedman DS, Yip R, Trowbridge FL. Increasing prevalence of overweight among US low-income preschool children: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention pediatric nutrition surveillance, 1983 to 1995. Pediatrics 1998;101:E12.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Meizi He PhD.

Additional information

At the time the research was undertaken, J. Sutton was a Physician Researcher / Educator with the PHRED Program at Middlesex-London Health Unit and Assistant Professor, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, the University of Western Ontario.

Funding sources: The study was funded by the Middlesex-London Health Unit. Brescia University College provided salary support for three work-study students responsible for data collection, data entry and verification.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

He, M., Sutton, J. Using Routine Growth Monitoring Data in Tracking Overweight Prevalence in Young Children. Can J Public Health 95, 419–423 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403984

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03403984

Navigation