Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the in vivo effectiveness of three agrochemical products to control chestnut blight disease in Castanea sativa infected by the fungus Cryphonectria parasitica under managed conditions. Three products (epoxiconazole, carbendazim and a mixture of carbendazim plus flutriafol) were tested using three different methods of application: i) preventive method applied by spraying, ii) curative method applied by spraying and iii) curative method applied directly over the lesion with a paint roller. Lesion length, sporulation and mortality parameters were evaluated presenting statistically significant differences. According to the methods, results showed that the curative method applied directly over the lesion is effective when the pathogen has not already spread, being the most effective application method in the short term. Regarding products, significant differences between control and treated chestnut plants were always observed, epoxiconazole being the most effective fungicide for chestnut blight control.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- CA:
-
carbendazim
- CA-F:
-
carbendazim plus flutriafol
- CR:
-
curative paint roller-treatment
- CS:
-
curative spray-treatment
- EP:
-
epoxiconazole
- P:
-
preventive spray-treatment
References
Aksoy HM & Serdar U, 2004. A research on chemical control against chestnut blight (Cryphonectria parasitica (Murill) Barr). Plant Pathol J 3, 44–47.
Anagnostakis SL, 1987. Chestnut blight: the classical problem of an introduced pathogen. Mycologia 79, 23–37.
Bertelsen JR, Neergaard E & Smedegaard-Petersen V, 2001. Fungicidal effects of azoxystrobin and epoxiconazole on phyllosphere fungi, senescence and yield of winter wheat. Plant Pathol 50, 190–205.
Biraghi A, 1946. Il cancro del castagno causato da Endothia parasitica. Ital Agric 7, 1–9.
Chen Y, Zhang AF, Gao TC, Zhang Y, Wang WX, Ding KJ & Chen L, 2012. Integrated use of pyraclostrobin and epoxiconazole for the control of Fusarium head blight of wheat in Anhui Province of China. Plant Dis 96, 1495–1500.
Delen N, 1980. Studies on the control possibilities of chestnut blight [Endothia parasitica (Murr.) A. and A.] in Turkey. II. Appearance possibility of resistance after continuous applications of effective systemic fungicides against the pathogen in vitro. J Turk Phytopathol 9, 27–47.
Denman S, Crous PW, Sadie A & Wingfield MJ, 2004. Evaluation of fungicides for the control of Botryosphaeria protearum on Protea magnifica in the Western Cape province of South Africa. Australas Plant Path 33, 97–102.
Elkins JR, Griffin CR & Stipes RJ, 1978. Blight development and methyl-2-benzimidazole carbamate levels in bark tissues of American chestnut trees following soil injection of benomyl. In: MacDonald W, Cech FC, Luchok J & Smith HC (eds) Proceedings of the American Chestnut Symposium, Morgantown, WV, January 4–5, 1978. West Virginia University Books, Morgantown, West Virginia, 73–79.
EPPO, 2005. EPPO Standards, Diagnostics. PM7/45 (1): Cryphonectria parasitica. EPPO Bulletin 35, 295–298.
Gams W, Van der Aa HA, Van der Plaats-Niterink AJ, Samson RA & Stalpers JA, 1980. CBS Course of Mycology, 2nd edn. Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures Baarn (The Netherlands).
González-Varela G & Gonzáalez AJ, 2007. In vitro sensitivity of Cryphonectria parasitica to six agrochemicals. Australas Plant Dis Notes 2, 109–110.
González-Varela G, González AJ & Milgroom MG, 2011. Clonal population structure and introductions of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, in Asturias, northern Spain. Eur J Plant Pathol 131, 67–79.
Heiniger U & Rigling D, 1994. Biological control of chestnut blight in Europe. Annu Rev Phytopathol 32, 581–599.
Jaynes RA & Van Alfen N, 1974. Control of American chestnut blight by trunk injection with methyl-2 benzimidazole carbamate (MBC). Phytopathology 64, 1479–1480.
Merkel HW, 1905. A deadly fungus on the American chestnut. N Y Zool Soc 10th Ann Rep, 97–103.
Nikou D, Malandrakis A, Konstantakaki M, Vontas J, Markoglou A & Ziogas B, 2009. Molecular characterization and detection of overexpressed C-14 alpha-demethylase-based DMI resistance in Cercospora beticola field isolates. Pestic Biochem Physiol 95, 18–27.
Ortega ME, de la Mano D, Fernández S & Garrido B, 2011.El monte en Asturias. Ed. Gobierno del Principado de Asturias.
Prospero S & Rigling D, 2013. Chestnut Blight. In: Gonthier P, Nicolotti G, editors. Infectious Forest Disease: CAB Internacional, 318–339.
Robin C & Heiniger U, 2001. Chestnut blight in Europe: diversity of Cryphonectria parasitica, hypovirulence and biocontrol. For Snow and Landsc Res 76, 361–367.
Seemann D, 2001. Plant health and quarantine regulations of the European Union for Cryphonectria parasitica. For Snow Landsc Res 76, 402–404.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Trapiello, E., González-Varela, G. & González, A.J. Chestnut Blight Control by Agrochemicals in Castanea sativa under Managed Conditions. J Plant Dis Prot 122, 120–124 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356540
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356540