Abstract
Cucumis melo accession PI 313970 possesses numerous genes for race-specific resistance to powdery mildew incited by Podosphaera xanthii. It also exhibits resistant blister (RB) leaf reactions, characteristic for non-race-specificity, to several races of P. xanthii in California, U.S.A. Microscopic examination confirmed the presence of mycelia, conidiophores and conidia, and limited number of necrotic cells within and limited to RB tissue. PI 313970 was susceptible to inoculation with Czech isolates of P. xanthii and Golovinomyces cichoracearum on leaf discs. Frequency of conidial germination did not differ between pathogen species, or between PI 313970 and the susceptible cucumber cv. ‘Stela’ control, but number of germ tubes and appressoria, mycelial growth and conidial production of both pathogens through 144 hours post-inoculation were reduced in comparison with the susceptible control. Hypersensitive responses (HR) were not observed in ‘Stela’, but occurred to a limited extent in PI 313970 where = 3% of examined sites had necrotic spots. These responses indicate two different resistance mechanisms to these powdery mildew isolates in PI 313970. The first mechanism targets conidial germination and appressoria formation. The second mechanism reduces pathogen growth and reproduction with minimal or no HR involvement and may be influenced by the first mechanism. Resistant blisters, observed only on intact leaves evidence a third and non-race-specific mechanism to P. xanthii and G.cichoracearum in PI 313970, based on our histological study.
Zusammenfassung
Die Akzession PI 313970 der Melone (Cucumis melo) besitzt zahlreiche rassenspezifische Resistenzgene gegenüber dem durch Podosphaera xanthii verursachten Echten Gurkenmehltau. Sie bildet darüber hinaus blasenförmige, nicht rassenspezifische Resistenzsymptome gegenüber zahlreichen kali- fornischen Rassen dieses Erregers auf den Blättern aus. Mikroskopische Untersuchungen bestätigten das Vorhandensein von Myzel, Konidiophoren und Konidien sowie eine begrenzte und auf das blasenförmig umgewandelte Gewebe beschränkte Anzahl nekrotisierter Zellen. Blattscheiben der Melonenakzession PI 313970 waren änfällig gegenüber tschechischen Isolaten von P. xanthii und des zweiten Erregers des Echten Gurkenmehltaus, Golovinomyces cichoracearum. Die Keimungsraten der Konidien unterschieden sich nicht zwischen den Erregerarten sowie zwischen PI 313970 und der als Kontrolle untersuchten anfälligen Gurkensorte ‘Stela’, aber die Anzahl der Keimschläuche und Appressorien, das Myzelwachstum und die Konidienbildung beider Erreger waren bis 144 Stunden nach der Inokulation gegenüber der anfälligen Kontrolle vermindert. Eine hypersensitive Reaktion wurde bei ‘Stela’ nicht beobachtet, während sie in begrenztem Umfang bei PI 313970 auftrat, wo = 3% der untersuchten Bereiche nekrotische Flecken aufwiesen. Diese Resistenzreaktionen von PI 313970 gegenüber den Erregern des Echten Gurkenmehltaus beruhen auf zwei verschiedenen Mechanismen. Der erste Resistenzmechanismus zielt auf die Konidienkeimung und die Appressorienbildung. Der zweite vermindert Wachstum und Vermehrung der Erreger mit minimaler oder nicht ausgelöster hypersensitiver Reaktion und könnte durch den ersten Mechanismus beeinflusst sein. Blasenförmige Blattveränderungen wurden nicht auf Blattscheiben, sondern nur auf intakten Blättern von PI 313070 mittels histologischer Verfahren beobachtet. Sie deuten auf das Vorhandensein eines dritten, nicht rassenspezifischen Resistenzmechanismus gegenüber P. xanthii und G. cichoracearum in PI 313970 hin.
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Sedlá, M., Lebeda, A., Mikšíková, P. et al. Histological aspects of Cucumis melo PI 313970 resistance to Podosphaera xanthii and Golovinomyces cichoracearum. J Plant Dis Prot 116, 169–176 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356306
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356306
Key words
- cucurbit powdery mildew
- histopathological changes
- infection structures
- melon
- resistance mechanisms
- resistant blister symptom