Abstract
Root exudates from sorghum, a Striga and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) host plant, and a number of Striga non-host plants which are AM host or AM non-host plants were collected and their effect on seed germination of Striga hermonthica was tested. Striga seeds germinate exclusively in presence of strigolactones, thus, Striga seeds germination is an indicator for the presence of strigolactones. Strigolactones are also thought to be essential signals (branching of AMF) for a successful root colonization by AMF. Root exudates of AM host plants stimulated Striga seed germination or showed no effect, whereas root exudates of AM non-host plants never showed an effect on Striga seed germination. This means that Striga seed germination stimulation by compounds in root exudates can not necessarily be linked with the host and nonhost status of plants to AMF. This absence of an effect on Striga seed germination of root exudates of AM host plants can be linked i) either with different levels of strigolactones in the root exudates of different AM host plants or ii) with the fact that not the same compounds are involved in Striga seed germination and in signaling during the establishment of the AM symbiosis.
Zusammenfassung
Wurzelexsudate von Sorghum-Hirse, einem Wirt der parasitischen Samenpflanze Striga und von arbuskulären Mykorrhizapilzen (AMP), sowie einer Reihe von Nichtwirten von Striga, die entweder Wirte oder Nichtwirte von AMP sind, wurden gesammelt und ihre Wirkung auf die Samenkeimung von Striga hermonthica untersucht. Striga-Samen keimen nur in Gegenwart von Strigolactonen, weshalb ihre Keimung als Indikator für Strigolactone dient. Strigolactone gelten daneben als essenzielle Signale für eine erfolgreiche Wurzelbesiedlung durch AMP. Wurzelexsudate von AMP-Wirten stimulierten zum Teil die Keimung von Striga-Samen, während Wurzelexsudate von AMP-Nichtwirten niemals die Samenkeimung anregten. Dies bedeutet, dass die Stimulierung der Samenkeimung bei Striga durch Komponenten von Wurzelexsudaten keinen Rückschluss auf den Wirtsstatus von Pflanzen gegenüber AMP erlaubt. Die fehlende Wirkung der Wurzelexsudate von AMP-Wirten auf die Samenkeimung von Striga kann entweder auf i) der unterschiedlichen Konzentration von Strigolactonen in den Wurzelexsudaten von AMP-Wirtspflanzen beruhen oder ii) darauf, dass nicht dieselben Exsudatkomponenten für die Samenkeimung und als essenzielle Signale für die AMP-Besiedlung von Wurzeln verantwortlich sind.
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Lendzemo, V., Kuyper, T.W., Urban, A. et al. The arbuscular mycorrhizal host status of plants can not be linked with the Striga seed-germination-activity of plant root exudates. J Plant Dis Prot 116, 86–89 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356291
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356291