Skip to main content
Log in

Three natural substances for use against Alternaria cichorii on selected varieties of endive: antifungal agents, plant strengtheners, or foliar fertilizers?

Drei gegenüber Alternaria cichorii an ausgewählten Endiviensorten wirkende natürliche Substanzen: antimykotische Agenzien, Pflanzenstärkungsmittel oder Blattdünger?

  • Published:
Journal of Plant Diseases and Protection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

During 2004 and 2005 the activity of sulphur, soya lecithin, and salicylic acid on endive and on the fungus Alternaria cichorii were investigated in a field block experiment. In both years, the plants sprayed five times with soya lecithin or three times with sulphur yearly, were significantly less infected than untreated plants. In 2005, the effect of salicylic acid (five sprays) was also shown to be satisfactory. Compared to the untreated plants, the plants treated with natural substances exhibited higher total mass as well as higher net mass. In both years a significant positive correlation was established between the total mass of the plants and yield loss (r2 = 0.66 in the 2004 soya lecithin treatment, and r2 = 0.62 in the 2005 salicylic acid treatment). In 2005, when the fungus occurred to a higher extent, a lower correlation (r2 = 0.30) was confirmed between yield loss and the extent of infection on the exterior leaves. The variety Eros was the most heavily infected with the fungus in both years, while the varieties Escariol grüner, Pancalieri, Avance, and Palmira showed greater resistance to infection with A. cichorii. The varieties Perfect, Pancalieri, and Avance had the highest net mass, while only the first of them showed the highest total mass.

Zusammenfassung

In den Jahren 2004 und 2005 wurde die Wirkung von Schwefel, Sojalecithin und Salicylsäure auf die Endivie und ihr pilzliches Pathogen Alternaria cichorii in Blockversuchen im Feld untersucht. In beiden Jahren waren fünfmal mit Sojalecithin oder dreimal mit Schwefel gespritzte Endivien signifikant geringer infiziert als unbehandelte Pflanzen. Im Jahr 2005 wurde eine positive Wirkung nach fünfmaliger Anwendung von Salicylsäure beobachtet. Im Vergleich zur unbehan-delten Kontrolle wiesen die behandelten Pflanzen höhere Gesamt- und Nettogewichte auf. In beiden Jahren waren Gesamtgewicht der Pflanzen und Ertragsverluste positiv korreliert (r2= 0.66 in der Sojalecithin-Behandlung 2004 und r2= 0.62 in der Salicylsäure-Behandlung 2005). Im Jahr 2005 mit höheren Infektionsraten wurde eine geringere positive Korrelation (r2 = 0.30) zwischen Ertragsverlusten und Infektionsraten der Hüllblätter beobachtet. Die Sorte Eros war in beiden Jahren am stärksten infiziert, während die Sorten Escariol grüner, Pancalieri, Avance und Palmira resistenter gegenüber A. cichorii waren. Die Sorten Perfect, Pancalieri und Avance erreichten das höchste Nettogewicht und Perfect das höchste Gesamtgewicht.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

Literature

  • Blancard, D., H. Lot, B. Maisonneuve, 2005: A Colour Atlas of Diseases of Lettuce and Related Salad Crops: Observation, Biology and Control. Manson Publishing Ltd, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Camporota, P., J. Oger, P. Copin, D. Haubreux, 1989: Control of Rhizoctonia solani heart rot in curled-leaved endive. PHM Rev. Hortic., 21–26 (French).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cao, J.K., K.F. Zeng, W.B. Jiang, 2006: Enhancement of post-harvest disease resistance in Ya Li pear (Pyrus bretschneideri) fruit by salicylic acid sprays on the trees during fruit growth. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 114, 363–370.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cappelli, C., V.M. Stravato, 1996: Attacks by Septoria intybi on endive (Cichorium endivia) in Italy. Inf. Fitopatol. 46, 11–12 (Italian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Carganico, H.A., H.T. Laermann, 1991: Registration of plant strengtheners according to the Plant Protection Act of 15th September 1986: Nachrbl. Dtsch. Pflanzenschutzd. 43, 216–219 (German).

    Google Scholar 

  • Colson-Hanks, E.S., B.J. Deverall, 2000: Effect of 2,6-dichlor-oisonicotinic acid, its formulation materials and benzothia-diazole on systemic resistance to Alternaria leaf spot in cotton. Plant Pathol. 49, 171–178.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • del Moral, L.F.G., I. de la Morena, J.M. Ramos, 1999: Effects of nitrogen and foliar sulphur interaction on grain yield and yield components in barley. J. Agron. Crop Sci. — Z. Acker. Pflanzenbau 183, 287–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, M.B., 1971: Dematiaceous Hyphomycetes. Commonwealth Mycological Institite, Kew, Surrey, 491–492.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feng, G., Y.C. Song, X.L. Li, P. Christie, 2003: Contribution of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi to utilization of organic sources of phosphorus by red clover in a calcareous soil. Appl. Soil Ecol. 22, 139–148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Homma, Y., Y Arimoto, T. Misato, 1980: Effect of soybean lecithin on each stage of rice blast fungus (Pyricularia oryzae Cav.) in its life cycle. J. Pestic. Sci. 5, 611–613.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hossain, M.T., R. Mori, K. Soga, K. Wakabayashi, S. Kamisaka, S. Fujii, R. Yamamoto, T. Hoson, 2002: Growth promotion and an increase in cell wall extensibility by silicon in rice and some other Poaceae seedlings. J. Plant Res. 115, 23–27.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Jarvan, M., M. Kuuskla, 2005: Effect of leaf-applied sulphur on yield structure elements and yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum). Trans. Est. Agric. Univ. Agron. 220, 63–65 (Estonian).

    Google Scholar 

  • Koike, S.T., E.E. Butler, 1998: Leaf spot of radicchio caused by Alternaria cichorii in California. Plant Dis. 82, 448.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lima, M.L.P., A. Reis, C.A. Lopes, 2003: Pathogenicity of Alternaria cichorii in species of the family Asteraceae. Fitopatol. Bras. 28, 682–685 (Portuguese).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nagaich, K.N., S.K. Trivedi, L. Rajesh, 2003: Effect of sulphur and potash on growth, yield and quality of garlic (Allium sativum L.). Sci. Hortic. 8, 143–147.

    Google Scholar 

  • OEPP/EPPO, 1997: EPPO Standards. Guidelines for the Efficacy Evaluation of Plant Protection Products. Fungicides & Bactericides 2, 144–149.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stierle, A., J. Hershenhorn, G. Strobel, 1993: Zinniol-related phytotoxins from Alternaria cichorii. Phytochemistry 32, 1145–1149.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Trdan, S., N. Valic, J. Jerman, D. Ban, D. Žnidarcic, 2004: Efficacy of three natural chemicals to reduce the damage of Erysiphe cichoracearum on chicory in two meteorologically different growing seasons. J. Phytopathol. 152, 567–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. Trdan.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Trdan, S., Žnidarčič, D., Vidrih, M. et al. Three natural substances for use against Alternaria cichorii on selected varieties of endive: antifungal agents, plant strengtheners, or foliar fertilizers?. J Plant Dis Prot 115, 63–68 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356240

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356240

Key words

Stichwörter

Navigation