Abstract
This study was done to determine the relationship between the changes in lipoxygenase (LOX) and peroxidase (POX) activity and the protection of cucumber (Cucumis sativus) against powdery mildew (Podosphaera xanthii) induced by hexane or ethyl acetate extracts of basidiocarps of Oudeman-siella canarii. At the two-leaf stage, only the primary leaves of the greenhouse grown cucumber plants were sprayed with either extract. The secondary leaves were inoculated at 1, 4, 7 or 10 days after the spray and the number of powdery mildew colonies were counted after 6 days. The LOX and POX activity in secondary leaves was determined 24 h after inoculation. In vitro antimicrobial effect of the extracts was tested against Bacillus and Cladosporium. Maximum disease reduction (85%) occurred when plants were inoculated one day after applying hexane extract. The disease reduction then decreased abruptly to 30% on the 4th day, but then increased again when plants were inoculated seven or ten days after treatment. LOX activity increased only by the hexane extract application, but not by the pathogen. POX activity was higher in inoculated plants previously treated with the hexane extract. On the other hand, ethyl acetate extract did not affect the enzyme activity and its protection efficacy decreased continuously with increasing time interval between treatment and inoculation. Although both extracts showed antimicrobial activity in vitro, the results suggest that apolar compound(s) from the basidiocarps of O. canarii also induce systemic resistance to powdery mildew.
Zusammenfassung
Ziel dieser Arbeit war es, die Beziehung zwischen den Veränderungen von Lipoxygenase- und Peroxidaseaktivität und dem durch Extrakte von Oudemansiella canarii induzierten Schutz gegen den Echten Gurkenmehltau (Podosphaera xanthii) zu untersuchen. Dazu wurden Extrakte aus Fruchtkörpern von Oudemansiella mit Hexan und Ethylacetat hergestellt. Die Gurkenpflanzen (Cucumis sativus) wurden unter Gewächshausbedingungen angezogen und im Zweiblattstadium wurden nur die Primärblätter mit den Extrakten gespritzt. Die Inokulation erfolgte 1, 4, 7 oder 10 Tage nach der Extraktbehandlung und die Mehltaukolonien auf dem Sekundärblatt wurden 6 Tage später ausgezählt. Die Aktivitäten von Lipoxygenase (LOX) und Peroxidase (POX) wurden immer 24 Stunden nach der Inokulation gemessen. Die antimikrobielle Wirkung von beiden Extrakten wurde gegenüber Bacillus and Cladosporium getestet. Der Hexanextrakt führte zur stärksten Befallsreduktion (85%) bei Pflanzen, die einen Tag nach der Behandlung inokuliert wurden. Danach sinkt die Befallsreduktion zuerst am 4. Tag auf 30%, erhöht sich jedoch am 7. bzw. 10. Tag nach der Behandlung wieder. Im Gegensatz dazu beeinflusste der Ethylacetatextrakt die Enzymeaktivitäten nicht und seine Schutzeffizienz sank mit zunehmender Dauer zwischen Behandlung und Inokulation kontinuierlich. Obwohl beide Extrakte eine antimikrobielle Wirkung in vitro aufweisen, deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass die nicht polaren Verbindung(en) aus Oudemansiella-Fruchtkörpern systemische Resistenz von Gurken gegen den Echten Mehltau induzieren können.
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Stadnik, M.J., Bettiol, W. Association between lipoxygenase and peroxidase activity and systemic protection of cucumber plants against Podosphaera xanthii induced by Oudemansiella canarii extracts. J Plant Dis Prot 114, 9–13 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356197
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03356197