Skip to main content
Log in

Characteristics of Phenolic-Urethane Cold Box Sand Cores for Aluminum Casting

  • Published:
International Journal of Metalcasting Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This work presents the results of a series of tests carried out on mixtures of sand and binders used in phenolic-urethane cold box cores. Two resin binders and silica sand with two grain size distributions were analyzed; the cores were blown with blends of sand that had resins within the range of 0.8 to 1.15%. The mechanical properties of the mixtures were obtained by blowing them into conventional tension test specimens. The strength of the material was recorded at room temperature and at 70C and 150C (158F and 302F). A gas evolution chamber was used to measure the amount of gas that is produced when the mixture of sand and resin is burned. These measurements were carried out on fresh samples that were heated for 30 or 60 minutes at either 70C or 150C (158F and 302F) prior to burning. This study was carried out to determine which resin fulfills the conditions critical to obtaining sound aluminum castings.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Norris, P.M., Hastings, M.C., and Wepfer, W.J., “Heat Transfer Regimes in the Coolant Passages of a Diesel Engine Cylinder Head,” J. Exp. Heat Trans., vol. 7, issue 1, pp. 43–53 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Campbell, J., Castings, 2nd Ed., Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Gundlach, R.B., Ross, B., Hetke, A., Valtierra, S., and Mojica, J.F., “Thermal Fatigue Resistance of Hypoeutectic Aluminum-Silicon Casting Alloys”, Transactions of the American Foundrymen’s Society, vol. 102, pp. 205–223 (1994).

    Google Scholar 

  4. P.M. Norris, M.C. Hastings and W.J. Wepfer, J. Exp. Heat Trans., 7, 43 (1994).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Wile, L.E., Strausbaugh, K., Archibald, J.J., Smith, R.L. and Piwonka, T.S., “Coremaking”, ASM Handbook, Casting, vol. 15, p. 238, ASM International, Materials Park, OH (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Archibald, J.J. and Smith, R.L. “Resin Binder Processes,” ASM Handbook, Casting, vol. 15, p. 214, ASM International, Materials Park, OH (1988).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Brown, J.R., Foseco Ferrous Foundryman’s Handbook, Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford (2000).

    Google Scholar 

  8. Locke, C., and Ashbrook, R.L., “Nature of Mold Cavity Gases”, Transactions of the American Foundrymen’s Society, vol. 58, pp. 584–594 (1950).

    Google Scholar 

  9. Miller, R.L. and Oebser, M.A., “Measurement of Evolved Gas Resulting From Closed-System Pyrolysis of Foundry Core Binders,” Thermochimica Acta, vol. 36, issue 2, pp. 133–139 (March 1980).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Dietert, H.W. Foundry Core Practice, 3rd Ed. American Foundrymen’s Society, Des Plaines, IL (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Winardi, L., Littleton, H., and Bates, C.E., “New Technique for Measuring Permeability of Cores Made from Various Sands, Binders, Additives and Coatings,” Transactions of the American Foundry Society, vol. 113, pp. 393–406 (2005).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Naro, R.L. and Pelfrey, R.L. “Gas Evolution of Synthetic Core Binders: Relationship to Casting Blowhole Defects,” Transactions of the American Foundrymen’s Society, vol. 91, pp. 365–376 (1983).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Velasco, E., Rodríguez, A., González, J.A., Talamantes, J., Colás, R., and Valtierra, S., “Use of Microscopical Techniques in Failure Analysis and Defect Control in Automotive Castings,” Microscopy and Microanalysis, vol. 9 (Suppl. 2), p. 160 (2003).

    Google Scholar 

  14. W.H. Moore, R.K. Lenhart and Y. Julin, “Effect of Heat on Chemical Binders”, Transactions of the American Foundrymen’s Society, vol. 96, pp. 903–912 (1988).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

González, R., Colás, R., Velasco, A. et al. Characteristics of Phenolic-Urethane Cold Box Sand Cores for Aluminum Casting. Inter Metalcast 5, 41–48 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355506

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03355506

Keywords

Navigation