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Visuelle und räumliche Interferenzen beim Schlußfolgern

Visual and Spatial Interference in Deductive Reasoning

  • Published:
Kognitionswissenschaft

Abstract

The present paper provides evidence for a differential involvement of spatial and visual mental resources in propositional and spatial reasoning. Two experiments consider the load on visuospatial working memory during reasoning. Subjects solve propositional and spatial reasoning tasks either alone or in combination with visual tracking. In the first experiment, subjects resource allocation strategy is manipulated. Independently of the allocation of mental resources to the reasoning tasks or the tracking task, tracking is found to interfere much more with spatial than with propositional reasoning. In the second experiment, propositional reasoning after a comprehension training is disrupted by a simultaneous secondary spatial task, but not by the visual tracking task.

Zusammenfassung

Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert Hinweise für eine unterschiedliche Beteiligung räumlicher und visueller Ressourcen beim aussagenlogischen und räumlichen Schlußfolgern. Zwei Experimente zur Belastung der visuell-räumlichen Komponente des Arbeitsgedächtnisses beim Schlußfolgern werden vorgestellt. Versuchspersonen lösen aussagenlogische und räumliche Schlußfolgerungsaufgaben alleine und in Kombination mit visuellem Zielverfolgen. Im ersten Experiment wird das Verhältnis manipuliert, in dem mentale Ressourcen den beiden simultan zu bearbeitenden Aufgaben zugeordnet werden. Unabhängig von der Zuordnung mentaler Ressourcen stören sich Zielverfolgen und Schlußfolgern gegenseitig beim räumlichen, weniger deutlich aber beim aussagenlogischen Schließen. Im zweiten Experiment erweist sich das aussagenlogische Schlußfolgern nach einem Verständnistraining für aussagenlogische Prämissen als anfällig gegenüber einer gleichzeitig bearbeiteten räumlichen Zweitaufgabe, nicht aber gegenüber dem visuellen Zielverfolgen.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Psychologisches Institut, Universität Bonn, Römerstraße 164, D-53117, Bonn, Deutschland

    Karl Christoph Klauer

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  1. Karl Christoph Klauer
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Correspondence to Karl Christoph Klauer.

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Der Verfasser dankt den Herren Dipl.-Psych. Thorsten Meiser, Dipl.-Psych. Jochen Musch und Dr. Christian Roßnagel für die Erhebung der Daten. Die vorliegende Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft durch Projekt KL 615/5-1 gefördert.

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Klauer, K.C. Visuelle und räumliche Interferenzen beim Schlußfolgern. Kognit. Wiss. 7, 11–18 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03354958

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03354958

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