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Islet cell, thyroid, adrenal and celiac disease related autoantibodies in patients with Type 1 diabetes from Sri Lanka

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Abstract

Aims: The prevalence of islet cell, thyroid, adrenal and celiac disease related autoantibodies in patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (Type 1 DM) from Sri Lanka is described. Design and Methods: Autoantibodies to glutamic acid decarboxylase 65 (GAD65Ab), protein tyrosine phosphatase IA-2 (IA-2Ab), insulin (IAAb), thyroglobulin (TgAb), thyroid peroxidase (TPOAb), TSH receptor (TRAb), 21-hydroxylase (21-OHAb) and tissue transglutaminase (tTGAb) were measured in 122 Type 1 DM patients who had low C-peptide activity or were >20 yr old at the time of diagnosis and in 100 non-diabetic blood donors. Results: GAD65Ab and/or IA-2Ab were present in 74/122 (60.7%) Type 1 DM subjects with a significantly higher prevalence compared to non-diabetic controls (no. 100) (GAD65Ab-59 vs 4%; IA-2Ab-14 vs 0%; respectively) (p<0.001). The median (inter-quartile range) Type 1 DM duration in antibody positive subjects was 3.3 (0.99-6.9) vs 4.9 (1.7–7.5) yr in antibody negative subjects (p=0.23). IA-2Ab prevalence decreased with disease duration ≥5 yr (19 vs 4%) (p<0.001). There was no difference in the prevalence of TgAb (25 vs 33%)(p=0.21) and TPOAb (22 vs 18%) (p=0.48) in Type 1 DM and non-diabetic subjects. Also, there was no difference in TgAb and TPOAb prevalence in antibody positive Type 1 DM (34.7%) compared to antibody negative Type 1 DM (24.4%) subjects (p=0.24). tTGAb (3/119) and TRAb (1/119) were found in low prevalence and 21-OHAb were not detected. Conclusions: Diabetes associated autoantibodies were detected in the majority of Type 1 DM subjects, suggesting a major role for autoimmunity in the pathogenesis of Type 1 DM in Sri Lankans. The prevalence of TgAb and TPOAb in Type 1 DM subjects and non-diabetic controls was relatively high and similar in both groups.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, Caerphilly District Miners’ Hospital, Caerphilly, UK

    L. D. K. E. Premawardhana

  2. Center for Endocrine and Diabetes Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Cardiff, Cardiff, UK

    L. D. K. E. Premawardhana & J. H. Lazarus

  3. Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Colombo, Sri Lanka

    C. N. Wijeyaratne

  4. FIRS Laboratories, RSR Ltd, ParcTy Glas, Llanishen, Cardiff, UK

    S. Chen, H. Brooking, M. Amoroso, J. Jeffreys, J. Bolton, J. Furmaniak & B. Rees Smith

  5. Diabetes Center, Rajagiriya University of Peradeniya, Sri Lanka

    M. Wijesuriya

  6. Department of Medicine, Caerphilly Miners’ Hospital, St Martin’s Road, Caerphilly, CF83 2WW, UK

    U. Illangasekera

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  1. L. D. K. E. Premawardhana
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Correspondence to L. D. K. E. Premawardhana.

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Premawardhana, L.D.K.E., Wijeyaratne, C.N., Chen, S. et al. Islet cell, thyroid, adrenal and celiac disease related autoantibodies in patients with Type 1 diabetes from Sri Lanka. J Endocrinol Invest 29, 968–974 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03349209

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