Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Prokaryotic expression localization and function of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein G

  • Articles
  • Published:
Chinese Science Bulletin

Abstract

The infectious laryngotracheitis virus (ILTV) glycoprotein G (gG) gene of E3 and Zhonghai strains was cloned, sequenced and compared with the gG gene of other Type I animal herpesviruses. To find the localization and the function of the gG in the infected cells, the 35 kD fusion protein (His-GG) was expressed by inserting the coding region of gG except for the signal peptide into pET30a (+). After purification of the His-GG fusion protein, the rats’ antibody to the His-GG was prepared and purified by using the protein G Sepharose. Results of laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) detection showed that the ILTV gG was in the perinuclear region and membrane of chicken embryo liver (CEL) and kidney (CEK) cells, and that the gG accumulated more in the coalescent part than in the other parts of the adjacent CEL or CEK cells. The plaque size and the one-step growth curve tests suggested that the ILTV gG was required for viral growth by cell-to-cell direct infection in tissue-cultured CEL cells.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Buchen-Osmond, C., ICTVdB Version 3, Index of Viruses-Viruses Taxonomy and Classification, http:/life.bio2.Columbia.edu/ Ictv/ICTV 2001a.htm, 2001, 141–143.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Shibley, G. P., Luginbuhl, R. E., Helmboldt, C. F., A study of infec-tious laryngotrachietis virus. I. Comparison of serologic and im-munogenic properties, Avian Dis., 1962, 6: 59–71.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Jordan, F. T. W., A review of the literature on infectious laryn-gotrachietis, Avian Dis., 1966, 10: 1–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bagust, T. J., Jones, R. C., Guy, J. S., Avian infectious laryngotra-cheitis, Rev. Sci. Tech. 2000, 19: 483–492.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Calnek, B. W., Barnes, H. J., Disease of Poultry, 10th ed. (in Chi-nese) (Translation by Gao, F., Su, J. L.), Beijing: China Agricul-tural University Press, 1997, 674–690.

    Google Scholar 

  6. May, H. G., Tittsler, R. P., Tracheo-laryngotracheitis in poultry, J. Am Vet. Med. Assoc. 1925, 67: 231.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Wild, M. A., Cook, S., Cochan, M. A., Genomic map of ILTV and the sequence and organization of genes present in the unique short and flanking region, Virus Gen., 1996, 12: 107–116.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Kongsuwan, K., Johnson, M. A., Prideaux, C. T. et al., Identifica-tion of an infectious laryngotracheitis virus gene encoding an im-munogenic protein with a predicted M r of 32 kilodaltons, Virus Res., 1993, 29: 125–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Song, C., Yu, L., Tong, G. Z., Cloning and identification of glyco-protein X of infectious laryngotrachietis herpesvirus Wanggang Strain. Chin. J. Vet. Sci. (in Chinese), 1997, 17(n3): 8–11.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Tran, L. C., Kissner, J. M., Westerman, L. E. et al., A herpes sim-plex virus 1 recombinant lacking the glycoprotein G coding se-quences is defective in entry through apical surfaces of polarized epithelial cells in culture and in vivo, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 2000, 97: 1818–1822.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Nakamichi, K., Ohara, K., Kuroki, D. et al., Bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein G is required for viral growth by cell-to-cell infection, Virus Res., 2000, 68: 175–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Nakamichi, K., Matsumoto, Y., Otsuka, H., Bovine herpesvirus 1 glycoprotein G is necessary for maintaining cell-to-cell junctional adherence among infected cells, Virol., 2002, 294: 22–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Trapp, S., Osterrieder, N., Leil, G. M. et al., Mutagenesis of a bo-vine herpesvirus type 1 cloned as an infectious bacterial artificial chromosome: Analysis of glycoprotein E and G double deletion mutants, J. Gen. Virol., 2003. 84: 301–306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Mettenleiter, T. C., Rauh, I., A glycoprotein gX-galactosidase fu-sion gene as insertional marker for rapid identification of pseu-dorabies virus mutants, J. Virol. Methods, 1990, 30: 55–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Thomsen, D. R., Marchioli, C. C., Yancey, R. J. Jr. et al., Replica-tion and virulence of pseudorabies virus mutants lacking glycopro-tein gX, J. Virol., 1987, 61: 229–232.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kimman, T. G., de Wind, N., Oei-Lie, N. et al., Contribution of sin-gle genes within the unique short region of Aujeszky's disease virus (suid herpes virus 1) to virulence, pathogenesis and immunogenic-ity, J. Gen. Virol., 1992, 73: 243–251.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Burleson, F. G., Chambers, T. M., Wiedberauk, D. L., Virology, A Laboratory Manual, UK: Academic Press, 1992, 25–33, 74–84, 186–194.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kotiw, M., Wilks, C. R., Sheppard, M. et al., Comparison of meth-ods for the isolation and purification of infectious laryngotracheitis virus DNA, Vet. Microbiol., 1984, 9(n4): 415–419.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Wang, D. W., Yang, H. Y., Rao, Z. H. et al., High-level expression and secondary structure analysis of bovine mature prion protein, Chinese Science Bulletin, 45(14): 1312–1315.

  20. Laemmili, U. K., Cleavage of the structural proteins during the as-sembly of the head of the bacteriophase T4, Nature, 1970, 227: 680–685.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Harlow, E., Lane, D., Using antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, 1st ed. (in Chinese) (Translated by Shen, G. X., Gong, F. L.), Beijing: Science Press, 1999, 191–205.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Ziemann, K., Mettenleiter, T. C., Fuchs, W., Infectious laryn-gotrachietis herpesvirus expresses a related pair of unique nuclear proteins which are encoded by split genes located at the right end of the UL genome region, J. Virol., 1998, 72: 6867–6874.

    Google Scholar 

  23. McGeoch, D. J., Evolutionary relationships of virion glycoprotein genes in the S regions of alphaherpesvirus genomes, J. Gen. Virol., 1990, 71: 2361–2367.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Nicholas, K. B., Nicholas, H. B., Deerfield, D. W. II, GeneDoc: Analysis and visualization of genetic variation, Embnet News, 1997, 1: 14.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Mulder, W., Pol, J., Kimman, T. et al., Glycoprotein D-negative pseudorabies virus can spread transneuronally via direct neu-ron-to-neuron transmission in its natural host, the pig, but not after additional inactivation of gE or gI, J Virol., 1996, 70: 2191–2200.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Petrovskis, E. A., Timmins, J. G., Post, L. E., Use of lambda-gt 11 to isolate genes for two pseudorabies virus glycoproteins with ho-mology to herpes simplex virus and varicella-zoster virus glyco-proteins, J. Virol., 1986, 60: 185–193.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Rauch, D. A., Rodriguez, N., Roller, R. J., Mutations in herpes simplex virus glycoprotein D distinguish entry of free virus from cell-cell spread, J. Virol., 2000, 74: 11437–11446.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Ross, L. J., Binns, M. M., Properties and evolutionary relationships of the Marek's disease virus homologues of protein kinase, glyco-protein D and glycoprotein I of herpes simplex virus, J. Gen. Virol., 1991, 72: 939–947.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Balan, P., Davis-Poynter, N., Bell, S. et al., An analysis of the in vi-tro and in vivo phenotypes of mutants of herpes simplex virus type 1 lacking glycoproteins gG, gE, gI or the putative gJ, J. Gen. Virol., 1994, 75: 1245–1258.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Dingwell, K. S., Brunetti, C. R., Hendricks, R. L. et al., Herpes simplex virus glycoproteins E and I facilitate cell-to-cell spread in vivo and across junctions of cultured cells, J. Virol., 1994, 68: 834–845.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Zsak, L., Zuckermann, F., Sugg, N., Glycoprotein gI of pseu-dorabies virus promotes cell fusion and virus spread via direct cell-to-cell transmission, J. Virol., 1992, 66: 2316–2325.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lab of Animal Molecular Virology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100094, China

    Zhaogang Sun & Manfu Zhang

  2. Department of Bacteriology and Immunology, Beijing TB & thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, 101149, China

    Zhaogang Sun

Authors
  1. Zhaogang Sun
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Manfu Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Manfu Zhang.

About this article

Cite this article

Sun, Z., Zhang, M. Prokaryotic expression localization and function of the infectious laryngotracheitis virus glycoprotein G. Chin.Sci.Bull. 50, 2033–2038 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03322797

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03322797

Keywords

Search

Navigation