Skip to main content
Log in

The impact of metamemory and domain-specific knowledge on memory performance

  • Published:
European Journal of Psychology of Education Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

This paper consists of two major parts. First, research exploring possible interactions between metamemory and domain-specific knowledge in influencing children’s text recall and comprehension is briefly summarized. Overall, the findings indicate that metacognitive knowledge does make a difference even in cases where domain-specific knowledge is rich. Second, a recent experiment conducted in our lab and investigating the generalizability of this conclusion for sort-recall tasks is described in more detail. Third — and fourth-grade soccer experts and novices were first given a comprehensive metamemory questionnaire and then administered a sort-recall tasks using two different picture lists: whereas one list included items from various semantical categories (e.g., animals, clothes), the other list was composed of soccer pictures that could be classified in several categories such as players, kicks, or equipment. The results showed that although domain-specific knowledge had a strong impact on recall of the soccer list, general metacognitive knowledge made an independent contribution, particularly for the group of soccer experts. More specifically, good metamemory positively affected the recall of experts but had no impact on novices’ memory performance.

Résumé

Cet article comporte deux parties principales. Dans la première partie, les auteurs dressent un bref résumé des recherches étudiant l’influence d’effets d’interactions entre la métamémoire et le domaine spécifique de connaissance sur le rappel et la compréhension de texte. Dans l’ensemble, les recherches montrent que la connaissance métacognitive introduit vraiment une différence même dans les cas où le domaine spécifique de connaissance est riche. Dans la seconde partie, les auteurs décrivent plus en détail une expérimentation récente conduite dans leur laboratoire pour étudier la généralisabilité de cette conclusion pour des «sort-recall tasks». On a d’abord soumis des footballeurs experts et novices de troisième et quatrième années (9 et dix ans) à un questionnaire de métamémoire, puis on leur a administré une sort-recall task utilisant deux différentes listes d’images: l’une des listes était composée d’items de différentes catégories sémantiques (comme animaux, vêtements), alors que l’autre était composée d’images de football pouvant être classées en plusieurs catégories telles que joueurs, tirs, ou équipement. Les résultats montrent que bien que le domaine spécifique de connaissance ait eu un impact marqué sur le rappel de la liste de football, la connaissance métacognitive générale a eu cependant un effet indépendant, notamment pour le groupe d’experts. Plus spécifiquement, une bonne métamémoire a eu un effet positif sur le rappel des experts mais n’a pas eu d’effet sur la performance mnésique des novices.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Brown, A.L., Bransford, J.D., Ferrera, R.A., & Campione, J.C. (1983). Learning, remembering, and understanding. In J.H. Flavell & E.M. Markman (Eds.),Handbook of Child Psychology (vol. 3, Cognitive development, pp. 77–161). New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ericson, K.A., Krampe, R.T., & Tesch-Römer, C. (1993). The role of deliberate practice in the acquisition of expert performance.Psychological Review, 100, 363–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flavell, J.H., Miller, P.H., & Miller, S.A. (1993).Cognitive Development (3rd ed.) Eaglewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Guttentag, R.E. (1989). Dual-task research and the development of memory.Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 47, 26–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Heller, M.S., Gädike, A.K., & Weinläder, H. (1985).Kognitiver Fähigkeitstest für 4. bis 13. Klassen (KFT 4–13). Weinheim: Beltz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Körkel, J., & Schneider, W. (1992). Domain-specific versus metacognitive knowledge effects on text recall and comprehension.Learning and Instruction, 3, 311–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moely, B.E., Santulli, K.A., & Obach, M.S. (1995). Strategy instruction, metacognition, and motivation in the elementary school classroom. In F.E. Weinert & W. Schneider (Eds.),Memory performance and competencies. (pp. 301–321). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pressley, M., Borkowski, J.G., & Schneider, W. (1990). Good information processing: What it is and how education can promote it.International Journal of Educational Research, 14, 857–876.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pressley, M., & McCormick, C.B. (1995).Advanced Educational Psychology for Educators, Researchers, and Policymakers. New York: Harper Collins College Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, W., & Bjorklund, D.F. (1992). Expertise, aptitude, and strategic remembering.Child Development, 63, 461–473.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, W. Bjorklund, D.F., & Maier-Brückner, W. (1996). The effects of expertise and IQ on children’s memory: When knowledge is, and when it is not enough.International Journal of Behavioral Development, 19, 2–26.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, W., Borkowski, I.G., Kurtz, B.E., & Kerwin, K. (1986). Metamemory and motivation: A comparison of strategy use and performance in German and American children.Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 17, 315–336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, W., Körkel, J., & Weinert, F.E. (1989). Domain-specific knowledge and memory performance: A comparison of high — and low-aptitude children.Journal of Educational Psychology, 81, 306–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, W., Körkel, J., & Weinert, F.E. (1990). Expert knowledge, general abilities, and text processing. In W. Schneider & F.E. Weinert (Eds.),Interactions among aptitudes, strategies, and knowledge in cognitive performance (pp. 235–249). New York: Springer-Verlag.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Schneider, W., & Pressley, M. (1997).Memory development between 2 and 20 (2nd ed.). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schneider, W., Schlagmüller, M. & Visé, M. The impact of metamemory and domain-specific knowledge on memory performance. Eur J Psychol Educ 13, 91–103 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03172815

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03172815

Key words

Navigation