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Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) bij verkeersslachtoffers met chronische whiplash-klachten: een exploratieve studie naar het verzachten van traumasymptomen

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Samenvatting

Dit onderzoek bij verkeersslachtoffers met whiplash-klachten maakte deel uit van een omvangrijker studie naar de kwaliteit van hulpverlening aan slachtoffers van verkeersongevallen, in het kader van het Achmea-project ‘Kwaliteit Slachtofferhulp’. Gerapporteerd wordt een viertal gevalsbeschrijvingen van patiënten met chronische whiplash-klachten. Vier vrouwen die gemiddeld 22 maanden geleden bij een auto-ongeval betrokken waren, werden tweemaal anderhalf uur behandeld met Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR). Voor en na de behandeling werden de Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) en de Schokverwerkingslijst (SVL) afgenomen. Vergelijking van voor- en nameting toonde een duidelijke afname van klachten, onder meer op Herbeleving en Vermijding (SVL) en Somatisatie, Angst, Depressie, Slaapproblemen, Wantrouwen en Interpersoonlijke Sensitiviteit (SCL-90). Deze resultaten zijn hoopgevend: EMDR bleek bij te dragen aan een verzachting van traumasymptomen. In verder onderzoek zouden de effecten en onderliggende mechanismen van emdr bij een grotere groep chronische whiplash-patiënten bestudeerd moeten worden.

Abstract

As part of a bigger study into the quality of victim support, subsidized by the Achmea Foundation Victim and Society, this exploratory study focused on clients exhibiting chronic whiplash symptoms. Four case studies are presented of persons involved in traffic accidents, which on average took place 22 months ago. Subjects were exposed to Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) twice, for approximately one and a half hour. Before and after treatment the Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and the Impact of Events Scale (IES) were administered. Reported symptoms, inter alia Intrusion and Avoidance (IES), and Somatisation, Anxiety, Depression, Sleeping Problems, Distrust and Interpersonal Sensitivity (SCL-90), were clearly reduced. In view of the lengthy interval between the accident and treatment our data underscore the potential utility of EMDR in alleviating trauma symptoms. The article is concluded with a plea for a more systematical study of the impact and underlying mechanisms of EMDR in the case of chronic whiplash, preferably introducing control-groups and pain-focused variables.

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Notes

  1. 1. Een andere mogelijke verklaring is dat met het uitlokken van die oogbewegingen impliciet een proces wordt geactiveerd waarin (met angstresponsen) imcompatibele responsen (neutraal affect) worden aangeleerd. Een gedetailleerder uiteenzettting bieden Winkel, Blaauw en Wisman (1999) .

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    Monique Renssen & Frans Willem Winkel

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  1. Monique Renssen
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  2. Frans Willem Winkel
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M.R. Renssen en F.W. Winkel zijn verbonden aan de Faculteit Psychologie en Pedagogiek van de Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam. Correspondentieadres: Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam.

Deze bijdrage was mogelijk dankzij de financiële bijdrage van de Stichting Achmea Slachtoffer en Samenleving aan het project ‘Kwaliteit Slachtofferhulp’.

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Renssen, M., Winkel, F. Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) bij verkeersslachtoffers met chronische whiplash-klachten: een exploratieve studie naar het verzachten van traumasymptomen. DITH 19, 148–156 (1999). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03060223

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