Abstract
Purpose: To study the dose-response relationships for neostigmine and edrophonium during antagonism of neuromuscular block induced by atracurium and cisatracurium.
Methods: One hundred and twenty eight, ASA group 1 or 2 adults were given either 0.5 mg·kg−1 atracurium or 0.1 mg·kg−1 cisatracurium during fentanyl-thiopental-nitrous oxide-isoflurane anesthesia. The neuromuscular block was measured by an acceleration-responsive transducer. Responses were defined in terms of percent depression in the first twitch (TI) and train-of-four (TOF) response. When spontaneous recovery of first twitch height reached 10% of its initial control value, edrophonium (0.1, 0.2, 0.4, or 1 mg·kg−1) or neostigmine (0.005, 0.01, 0.02, or 0.05 mg·kg−1) was administered by random allocation. Neuromuscular function in another sixteen subjects was allowed to recover spontaneously.
Results: At five minutes, unlike edrophonium, neostigmine was equally effective against atracurium and cisatracurium with respect to TI recovery. The neostigmine TI-ED50 was 10.3±1.06 (SEM) µg·kg−1 after atracurium and 11.2±1.06) µg·kg−1 after cisatracurium. The edrophonium ED50 was 157±1.07 µg·kg−1 with atracurium and 47.4±1.07 µg·kg−1 with cisatracurium, giving a neostigmine:edrophonium potency ratios of 15.2±1.7 and 4.2±0.41 (P<0.001) for atracurium and cisatracurium, respectively. At 10 min neostigmine was 13±1.4 times as potent as edrophonium for achieving 50% TOF recovery after atracurium paralysis. After cisatracurium the potency ratio was 11.8±1.3 (NS).
Conclusions: Although there were differences at five minutes, neostigmine:edrophonium potency ratios at 10 min, were similar in both relaxants studied.
Résumé
Objectif: Étudier les relations doses-réponses de la néostigmine et de l’édrophonium pendant le renversement du bloc neuromusculaire induit par l’atracurium et le cisatracurium.
Méthode: Cent vingt-huit adultes, d’état physique ASA I ou II, ont reçu, soit 0,5 mg·kg−1 d’atracurium, soit 0,1 mg·kg−1 de cisatracurium pendant l’anesthésie au fentanyl-thiopental-protoxyde d’azote-isoflurane. Le bloc neuromusculaire a été mesuré par un transducteur sensible à l’accélération. Les réponses ont été définies en termes de pourcentage de dépression lors de la réponse à la première stimulation (T1) et au train-de-quatre (TDQ). Au moment où la récupération spontanée à la première stimulation a atteint 10 % de la valeur témoin initiale, de l’édrophonium (0,1; 0,2; 0,4 ou 1 mg·kg−1) ou de la néostigmine (0,005; 0,01; 0,02 ou 0,05 mg·kg−1) a été administrée selon une affectation aléatoire. Chez seize autres sujets, on a laissé la fonction neuromusculaire se rétablir spontanément.
Résultats: À cinq minutes, contrairement à l’édrophonium, la néostigmine a été également efficace contre l’atracurium et le cisatracurium quant à la récupération à T1. La T1-ED50 de la néostigmine était de 10,3±1,06 (erreur type) µg·kg−1 après l’atracurium et de 11,2±1,06 µg·kg−1 après le cisatracurium. La ED50 de l’édrophonium était de 157±1,07 µg·kg−1 avec l’atracurium et de 47,4±1,07 µg·kg−1 avec le cisatracurium, ce qui donnait des coefficients de puissance néostigmine:édrophonium de 15,2±1,7 et de 4,2±0,41 (P<0,001) pour l’atracurium et le cisatracurium, respectivement. À 10 min, la néostigmine était 13±1,4 fois aussi puissante que l’édrophonium pour atteindre 50 % de récupération du TDQ après la paralysie avec l’atracurium. Après l’utilisation de cisatracurium, le coefficient de puissance était de 11,8±1,3 (NS).
Conclusion: Même s’ils étaient différents à cinq minutes, les coefficients de puissance néostigmine:édrophonium ont été similaires à 10 min avec les deux relaxants étudiés.
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This study was supported by Glaxo-Wellcome, Saudi Arabia.
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Naguib, M., Riad, W. Dose-response relationships for edrophonium and neostigmine antagonism of atracurium and cisatracurium- induced neuromuscular block. Can J Anaesth 47, 1074–1081 (2000). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027958
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF03027958