Abstract
Biological effects of a commercial formulation of azadirachtin, AlignTM, were assessed onStreblote panda Hübner [1820] (Lasiocampidae) first instars by means of choice and nochoice bioassays. Survival, development, and food consumption were recorded. The product tested did not show clear antifeedant effects, but produced dose-dependent larval mortality. All treatments resulted in significant inhibition of growth, presumably through endocrine regulatory effects. At higher doses assayed the product appears to have direct toxic effects. Our results suggest that AlignTM may be used in IPM programs forS. panda and should be evaluated for efficacy under field conditions.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abbott, W.S. (1925) A method of computing the effectiveness of an insecticide.J. Econ. Entomol. 18:265–267.
Addy, N.D. (1969) Rearing the forest tent caterpillar on an artificial diet.J. Econ. Entomol. 62:270–271.
Ascher, K.R.S. (1993) Nonconventional insecticidal effects of pesticides available from the neem tree,Azadirachta indica.Arch. Insect Biochem. Physiol. 22:433–449.
Barbehenn, R.V. and Martin, M.M. (1994) Tannin sensitivity in larvalMalacosoma disstria (Lepidoptera): Role of the peritrophic envelope and midgut oxidation.J. Chem. Ecol. 20:1985–2001.
Blaney, W.M., Simmonds, M.S.J., Ley, S.V., Anderson, J.C. and Toogod, P.L. (1990) Antifeedant effects of azadirachtin and structurally related compounds on lepidopterous larvae.Entomol. Exp. Appl. 55:149–160.
Bomford, M.K. and Isman, M.B. (1996) Desensitization of fifth instarSpodoptera litura (Lep.: Noctuidae) to azadirachtin and neem.Entomol. Exp. Appl. 81: 307–313.
De Liñán, C. (2001) Vademecum 2001 de productos sanitarios y nutricionales. CD-ROM Ed. ISBN 84-87480-20-9. Ediciones Agrotécnicas, S.L. & Blatta Soft, Madrid, Spain.
Freina, J.J. de and Witt, T.J. (1987) Die Bombyces und Sphinges der Westpaläarktis (Ins., Lepid.), Bd. 1. Edition Forschung & Wissenschaft Verlag GmbH, Munich, Germany.
Fry, J.C. (1999) Biological Data Analysis. A Practical Approach. 4th ed. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
Gómez-Clemente, F. (1941)Taragama repanda (Hübner), sobre naranjo.Bol. Patol. Veg. Entomol. Agric. 10:324–331.
Isman, M.B. (1993) Growth inhibitory and antifeedant effects of azadirachtin on six noctuids of regional economic importance.Pestic. Sci. 38: 57–63.
Isman, M.B., Koul, O., Luczynski, A. and Kaminski, J. (1990) Insecticidal and antifeedant bioactivities of Neem oils and their relationship to azadirachtin content.J. Agric. Food Chem. 38:1406–1411.
Kirchhof, G. and Pendar, K. (1993) Delta-T SCAN®. User Manual. Delta-T Devices Ltd., Cambridge, UK.
Ma, D.-L., Gordh, G. and Zalucki, M.P. (2000) Biological effects of azadirachtin onHelicoverpa armigera (Hübner) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) fed on cotton and artificial diet.Aust. J. Entomol. 39:301–304.
Mancebo, F., Hilje, L., Mora, G.A. and Salazar, R. (2002) Biological activity of two neem (Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Meliaceae) products onHypsipyla grandella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) larvae.Crop Prot. 21:107–112.
Marco, M.P., Pascual, N., Bellés, X., Camps, F. and Messeguer, A. (1990) Ecdysteroid depletion by azadirachtin inTenebrio molitor pupae.Pestic. Biochem. Physiol. 38:60–65.
Molina, J.Ma. (1998) Lepidópteros asociados al cultivo del arándano en Andalucía Occidental.Bol. Sanidad Veg. Plagas 24:763–772.
Mordue (Luntz), A.J. and Blackwell, A. (1993) Azadirachtin: an update.J. Insect Physiol. 39:903–924.
Raffa, K.F. (1987) Influence of host plant on deterrence by azadirachtin of feeding by fall armyworm larvae (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).J. Econ. Entomol. 80:384–387.
Schmutterer, H. (1985) Which insect pest can be controlled by application of neem seed kernel extracts under field conditions?Z. Angew. Entomol. 100:468–475.
Schmutterer, H. (1990) Properties and potential of natural pesticides from the neem tree,Azadirachta indica.Annu. Rev. Entomol. 35:271–297.
Schmutterer, H. [Ed.] (2002) The Neem Tree,Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and other Meliaceous Plants. 2nd ed. Neem Foundation, Mumbai, India.
Schmutterer, H. and Singh, R.P. (2002) List of insect pests susceptible to neem products.in: Schmutterer, H. [Ed.] The Neem Tree,Azadirachta indica A. Juss. and other Meliaceous Plants. 2nd ed. Neem Foundation, Mumbai, India. pp. 411–456.
Sundararaj, R., Murugesan, S. and Ahmed, S.I. (1995) Differential impact of NSKP extracts on nutrition and reproduction ofTaragama siva (Lepidoptera, Lasiocampidae).Entomon 20:257–261.
Weathersbee, A.A. III and Tang, Y.Q. (2002) Effects of neem seed extract on feeding, growth, survival, and reproduction ofDiaprepes abbreviatus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).J. Econ. Entomol. 95:661–667.
Zhang, B.CH. (1994) Index of Economically Important Lepidoptera. CAB International, Wallingford, UK.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
http://www.phytoparasitica.org posting July 10, 2003.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Calvo, D., Molina, J.M. Effects of a commercial neem (Azadirachta indica) extract onStreblote panda larvae. Phytoparasitica 31, 365–370 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02979807
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02979807