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Pathologie précancéreuse du côlon

Precancerous pathology of the large bowel

  • Published:
Acta Endoscopica

Résumé

La détection précoce du cancer du côlon n’est possible que si on connaît parfaitement les lésions précancéreuses. Celles-ci peuvent être inflammatoires ou tumorales. Parmi les états inflammatoires chroniques du côlon, la recto-colite hémorragique et la maladie de Crohn peuvent se cancériser après 10 ans d’évolution. Il semble que le dépistage de lésions dysplasiques permette de prévoir cette complication.

Les lésions tumorales sont des états précancéreux plus fréquents. En effet, une statistique d’autopsie montre que 20 p. cent des sujets sont porteurs de polype après 60 ans. Une classification histo-pronostique est proposée. Seule l’ablation systématique des polypes pourrait assurer une prévention efficace du cancer du côlon.

Summary

Large bowel and rectal cancer prevention and early detection is only possible if precancerous lesions are well known. These lesions can be either inflammatory or tumorous.

One one hand, chronic inflammatory disease such as Crohn’s or ulcerative recto-colitis can degenerate after aeq year evolution. It seems that a search of dysplasic lesions can help in the detection of this complication. On the other hand, tumorous precancerous lesions are more frequent. Statistics show that 20% of people over 60 years of age present polyps. A prognostic and histological classification is proposed but only the systematic removal of all polyps can prevent effectively the appearance of large bowel and rectal cancer.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Service d’Anatomie pathologique, Hôpital Beaujon, F-92118, Clichy-Paris, (France)

    F. Potet

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  1. F. Potet
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Potet, F. Pathologie précancéreuse du côlon. Acta Endosc 10, 123–138 (1980). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02973707

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02973707

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