Abstract
Lactate as well as ethanol is formed in seeds of soybean, maize, pea, bean, lentil and broad-bean in the course of germination during the so-called natural anaerobiosis. After 0 to 30 h of germination a concentration peak of lactate appears. Maximum in ethanol content is found after 40 h. The amount of ethanol is higher big more than one order of magnitude as compared to the amount of lactate. Both products of anaerobiosis occur in germinating seeds irrespective of the type of reserve substances.
In contrast to alcohol dehydrogenase lactate dehydrogenase (EC 1. 1. 1. 27) is present in the dry seeds too. Its activity decreases during the first 12 h of germination. It is in this stage that its substrate, lactate, is usually present at a maximal concentration. During the later stages of germination the amount of lactate decreases and enzyme activity rises. There exists a reciprocal relationship between enzyme activity and substrate concentration. In the case of alcohol dehydrogenases (EC 1. 1. 1. 1) the maximum concentration of ethanol precedes the peak of enzyme activity.
Abstract
Zjistily jsme, že u soji, kukuřice, hrachu, fazolu, čočky a bobu se tvoří při klíčení během tzv. přirozené anaerobiosy jak laktát, tak také ethanol. Nejprve dosahuje maxima koncentrace laktát v rozmezí prvých 0–36 hodin klíčení a poté přibližně po 40 hodinách klíčení ethanol. Množství ethanolu je o více než řád vyšší než množství laktátu. Oba produkty anaerobiosy se vyskytují v klíčících semenech bez ohledu na typ reservních látek.
Laktátdehydrogenasa (EC 1.1.1.27) je přítomna na rozdíl od alkoholdehydrogenasy i v suchém semeni. Její aktivita během prvých 12 h klíčení klesá. Právě v té době je obvykle maximální koncentrace jejího substrátu, tzn. laktátu. V dalších hodinách klíčení se množství laktátu snižuje a aktivita enzymu stoupá. Mezi aktivitou enzymu a množstvím substrátu existuje reciproký stav. Pokud jde o aktivitu alkoholdehydrogenasy (EC 1.1.1.1), maximum koncentrace ethanolu předchází maximu aktivity enzymu.
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Leblová, S., Sinecká, E. & Vaníčková, V. Pyruvate metabolism in germinating seeds during natural anaerobiosis. Biol Plant 16, 406–411 (1974). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922229
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02922229