Summary
We use the Lagrangian formulation of theZ N gauge theory in four dimensions and demonstrate its equivalence with the partition function for a Coulomb gas of electric and magnetic loops. This model is shown to be self-dual when expressed in the Villai form. It is found, as a lower bound, that forN<4 there are only two phases related by duality, while forN>4 three phases appear. The explicit calculation of the Wilson loop identifies them as electric confining, nonconfining and magnetic confining.
Riassunto
Si usa la formulazione lagrangiana della teoria di gaugeZ N in quattro dimensioni e si dimostra la sua equivalenza con la funzione di partizione per un gas di Coulomb di cappi elettrici e magnetici. Si mostra che questo modello è autoduale quando lo si esprime nella forma di Villain. Si trova, come limite inferiore, che perN<4 ci sono solo due fasi che sono in relazione attraverso la dualità mentre perN>4 compaiono tre fasi. Il calcolo esplicito del cappio di Wilson li identifica come fase a confinamento elettrico, a non confinamento e a confinamento magnetico.
Реэюме
Мы испольэуем Лагранжианную формулировку 2Я калобровочной теории в четырех иэмерениях. Мы покаэываем зквивалентность зтого подхода функции раэделения для кулоновского гаэа злектрических и магнитных петель. Покаэывается, что зта модель является самодуальной, когда эаписывается в форме Виллиана. Обнаружено, что на нижней границе, для N<Л, имеется только две фаэы, свяэанные дуальностью, тогда как для N>4 появляются три фаэы. Явное вычисление петли Вильсона идентифицирует их, как злектрическое удержание, неудержание и магнитное удержание.
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Comisión Nacional de Energía Atómica.
Universidad Nacional de Cuyo.
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Boyanovsky, D. Phases ofZ N lattice gauge theory. Nuov Cim A 54, 451–468 (1979). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02899851
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02899851