Abstract
The unexpected detection ofPotato mop-top virus (PMTV) in potatoes growing at several locations in the U.S.A. and Canada in 2002 has led to the realization that this soil-borne virus may be widespread throughout the potato-producing regions of both countries. A lack of information concerning the response of U.S. cultivars to PMTV infection caused us to examine the effects of PMTV on field-grown plants at three locations in the Peruvian Andes where the virus and its fungal vector,Spongospora subterranea, are endemic. All 21 U.S. cultivars tested proved susceptible to PMTV infection, especially at La Victoria where the overall incidence of both PMTV and powdery scab was high. Symptom expression in the foliage proved to be an unreliable indicator of virus infection, and thus, more reliable serological (NCM-ELISA) and nucleic acid-based techniques (NASH and RT-PCR) were used to monitor tuber tissue for the presence of PMTV. As much as 25% of field-grown tubers of cvs Kennebec, Monona, and Norland were infected with PMTV, but no correlation between virus infection and either the incidence or severity of powdery scab for any variety was apparent. Although PMTV infection did not result in the appearance of spraing or other internal necrotic reactions resembling those reported from many North American and European locations, a disproportionate proportion of infected tubers did exhibit a reticulate surface cracking. In hydroponic culture, the proportion of cracked tubers increased dramatically when the nutrient solution was seeded with virus-infestedS. subterranea. Comparatively few tubers of cvs Monona and Russet Burbank exhibited this surface cracking, suggesting that these two varieties may be somewhat tolerant to PMTV infection.
Resumen
La inesperada detección del virus mop-top de la papa (PMTV) en cultivos de diferentes localidades en EUA y Canadá en el 2002, ha hecho pensar que los virus transmitidos por el suelo pueden estar diseminados por todas las regiones productoras de papa de ambos países. La falta de información relativa a la respuesta de los cultivares U.S. a la infección de PMTV nos indujeron a examinar los efectos de este virus sobre plantas en el campo en tres localidades de los Andes peruanos, donde su vector el hongoSpongospora subterránea es endémico. Los 21 cultivares probados fueron susceptibles a la infección por PMTV, especialmente en La Victoria donde la incidencia de ambos, PMTV y roña fue alta. La expresión de los síntomas en el follaje, probaron no ser indicadores confiables de la infección del virus, por lo tanto se utilizaron pruebas serológicas (NCM-ELISA) y la técnica basada en ácido nucleico (NASH y RT-PCR) para monitorear la presencia de PMTV en el tubérculo. El 25% de los tubérculos de Kennebec, Monona y Norland cultivados en campo estuvieron infectados con el virus, pero no se observó correlación alguna entre la infección del virus y la incidencia de roña en ninguna de las variedades. Aunque la infección de PMTV no produjo agrietamientos o cualquier otra reacción necrótica interna del tuberculo como la reportada en otros lugares norteamericanos y europeos, un desproporcionado número de tubérculos infectados exhibieron agrietamiento reticulado en la superficie. En cultivos hidropónicos, la proporción de tubérculos agrietados aumentó dramáticamente cuando en la solución nutritiva se pusoS. subterránea infectada con el virus. Comparativamente, unos pocos tubérculos de Monona y Russet Burbank presentaron este agrietamiento en la superficie, sugiriendo que estas dos variedades podrían ser relativamente tolerantes a la infección de PMTV.
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Tenorio, J., Franco, Y., Chuquillanqui, C. et al. Reaction of potato varieties toPotato mop-top virus infection in the andes. Am. J. Pot Res 83, 423–431 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02872018
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02872018