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Environmental conditions influence the content and yield of anthocyanins and total phenolics in purple- and red-flesh potatoes during tuber development

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Abstract

Changes in content and yield of anthocyanins (ACY) and total phenolics (PHEN) during development of purple- and red-flesh potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) were studied in cultivars grown in Texas and Colorado. In both locations, the ACY and PHEN content (mg/100 g tissue) decreased with tuber growth and maturity, while tuber weight (kg), total yield (Ton ha-1) and compound yields (kg ha-1) increased. Longer days and cooler temperatures in Colorado favored about a 2.5- and 1.4-times higher ACY and PHEN content, respectively, than in Texas-grown tubers. Harvesting potatoes at later maturity stages maximized compound yields while minimizing the glycoalkaloid content. This information can be useful to potato breeders and producers in selecting appropriate growing conditions for the enhancement of natural colorant and antioxidant yields in purple- and red-flesh potatoes for the nutraceutical and food industry.

Resumen

Se estudiaron los cambios en el contenido y rendimiento de antocianinas (ACY) y fenolicos totales (PHEN) en cultivares de papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) de pulpa morada y roja, durante su desarrollo en Texas y Colorado. En ambas localidades, el contenido de ACY y PHEN (mg/100 g de tejido) disminuyó a medida que el tubérculo desarrolló y maduró, mientras que el peso de tubérculos (kg), el rendimiento total (Ton ha-1) y el rendimiento de compuestos fenolicos (kg ha-1) aumentaron. Los días más largos y temperaturas frías en Colorado favorecieron el contenido de ACY y PHEN en los tubérculos cosechados en 2.5 y 1.4 veces respectivamente, que aquellos obtenidos en Texas. La cosecha de tubérculos en periodos tardíos de madurez maximizó los rendimientos de compuestos fenolicos, mientras que el contenido de glicoalcaloides se minimizó. Esta información puede ser útil para mejoradores y productores de papa, con el fin de seleccionar las condiciones apropiadas de cultivo que aumenten el rendimiento de colorantes y antioxidantes, en papas de pulpa morada y roja, para su utilización en las industrias nutracéuticas y de alimentes.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A & M University, 77843-2133, College Station, TX

    L. F. Reyes, J. C. Miller & L. Cisneros-Zevallos

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  1. L. F. Reyes
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  2. J. C. Miller
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  3. L. Cisneros-Zevallos
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Correspondence to L. Cisneros-Zevallos.

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Reyes, L.F., Miller, J.C. & Cisneros-Zevallos, L. Environmental conditions influence the content and yield of anthocyanins and total phenolics in purple- and red-flesh potatoes during tuber development. Am. J. Pot Res 81, 187–193 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02871748

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