Abstract
Potato is an important world crop with an abundant diversity of wild relatives for research and breeding. About 200 tuber-bearingSolarium relatives of the cultivated potato are distributed from southern Chile to the southwest USA. Only five of these have been reported in the USA, and only two exist with certainty (S. fendleri andS. jamesii). This paper reviews the procedures and outcome of 12 expeditions by the authors to the Southwest USA from 1992 to 2001 that resulted in 132 new germplasm accessions. Previously published information allowed successful collection from many documented sites, and many new sites were discovered and sampled. Incomplete or inaccurate records were improved and refined, making it possible for others to easily find these sites. When assessed for genetic diversity, re-collections from the same site were found to be nearly as genetically different as samples from different sites, and genetic differences between sites could not be linked with any ecogeographic parameter, even physical distance of separation. In conclusion, wild potato germplasm from the USA and associated knowledge was greatly expanded, but reaching the goal of obtaining and keeping the most complete sample possible of the genetic diversity will involve additional collecting and continued research on the reproductive behavior of these plants.
Resumen
La papa es un cultivo importante a nivel mundial; con una gran diversidad de formas silvestres que han sido importantes para realizar investigaciones y trabajos de majoramiento genético. Existen alrededor de 200 especies deSolanum que producen tubérculos, ellas estait distribuídas desde el sur de Chile hasta el sudoeste de EE UU. Cinco de estas especies han sido reportadas en EE UU pero, probablemente, solo existen dos de ellas (S. fendleri y S. jamesii). Este artículo es una revisión de los detalles y los resultados de 12 expediciones llevadas a cabo por los autores en el sudoeste de EE UU desde 1992 hasta el 2001, las cuales permitieron colectar 132 accesiones nuevas de germoplasma. Gracias a publicaciones hechas anteriormente, las colecciones en los lugares previamente descritos fueron exitosas, asimismo muchos lugares nuevos fueron encontrados y muestreados. Los registros de colección que estaban incompletos o equivocados fueron corregidos y mejorados, haciendo de ellos fácilmente ubicables para cualquiera. La evaluación de la diversidad genética determinó que las re-colecciones hechas en el mismo lugar eran genéticamente tan diferentes como las colecciones hechas en diferentes lugares, que diferencias genéticas entre lugares no estaban asociadas a ningún parámetro ecogeográfico, incluyendo separación física. En conclusión, el germoplasma silvestre de papa de EE UU asi como el conocimiento asociado a este ha sido expandido enormemente, sin embargo la meta de colectar y mantener la mayor cantidad de diversidad genética va a requerir de más colecciones e investigación contínua sobre el comportamiento reproductivo de estas plantas.
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Abbreviations
- RAPD:
-
Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
- USPG:
-
U.S. Potato Genebank
- APIC:
-
Association of Potato Intergenebank Collaborators
- GRIN:
-
Germplasm Resources Information Network
- GPS:
-
Global Positioning System
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An extension of the subject matter presented at The Potato Association of America symposium “Research on management of potato genetic diversity,” Sommerset N.J., August 2, 1999.
Formerly CIP as per Salas
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Bamberg, J., del Rio, A., Huaman, Z. et al. A decade of collecting and research on wild potatoes of the Southwest USA. Am. J. Pot Res 80, 159–172 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02855688
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02855688